The secretory granules (SGs) of secretory cells of the hematopoietic lineage, such as the mast cells, are lysosome-related organelles whose membrane proteins travel through the plasma membrane and the endocytic system. Therefore, a mechanism must exist to prevent proteins destined to recycling or to the trans-Golgi network (TGN) from reaching the SGs. We now show that synaptotagmin (Syt) IX, a ...

The use of critical-for-life organs (e.g., liver or lung) for systemic gene therapeutics can lead to serious safety concerns. To circumvent such issues, we have considered salivary glands (SGs) as an alternative gene therapeutics target tissue. Given the high secretory abilities of SGs, we hypothesized that administration of low doses of recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors would al...

Exocytosis of secretory granules (SGs) requires their delivery to the actin-rich cell cortex followed by their attachment to the plasma membrane (PM). How these reactions are executed and coordinated is still unclear. Myrip, which is also known as Slac-2c, binds to the SG-associated GTPase Rab27 and is thought to promote the delivery of SGs to the PM by recruiting the molecular motor myosin Va....

INTRODUCTION Acquired airway stenosis is a common complication in children after periods of tracheal intubation. We reviewed our experience in the endoscopic treatment of these lesions. PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed a retrospective review of patients who presented acquired tracheal-subglottic stenosis (SGS) treated at our center from 2005 to 2012. We reviewed the etiology, age, clinical p...

The interaction between shock waves and turbulence is present in a large variety of high-speed flows with relevance in scientific and engineering applications. The use of largeeddy simulations (LES) to predict such flows requires subgrid-scale (SGS) models capable of accurately representing the physics behind this interaction at the unresolved scales. The canonical shock-turbulence interaction ...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To assess the efficacy of endoscopic laser radial incisions with mitomycin-C application (ELRM) in managing adult subglottic stenosis (SGS). STUDY DESIGN Retrospective case series review. METHODS Fifteen consecutive cases of adult SGS treated with ELRM at a single tertiary referral center over three years were reviewed. Subjects with SGS secondary to Wegener's granulom...

Simulations and Serious Games (SGs) are very promising educational tools as they include new powerful characteristics such as learner engagement or authentic environment for learning. Moreover SGs are highly interactive applications that can provide valuable information about the ingame students' interaction. Educators can take advantage of this information with different purposes such as stude...

We are after a Wikipedia for formal scientific knowledge; a crowdsourcing system where formal science claims are expressed as interpreted logical statements (a.k.a. claims). The crowd takes positions on claims and objectively argues these positions through Semantic Games (SGs). SGs are zero-sum, two-person games where players take two contradictory positions on claims and exchange examples and ...

Resistance to chemotherapy drugs is a serious therapeutic problem and its underlying molecular mechanisms are complex. Stress granules (SGs), cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein complexes assembled in cells exposed to stress, are implicated in various aspects of cancer cell metabolism and survival. SGs promote the survival of stressed cells by reprogramming gene expression and inhibiting pro-apoptoti...