OBJECTIVE To evaluate the hypothesis that the extent of corpus callosum injury indicates the depth of shearing lesions in the central brain structure and therefore relates to the clinical severity of diffuse axonal injury. METHODS A simple and objective procedure for semiquantitative analysis of magnetic resonance images (MRI)-the maximum signal intensity ratio (MSIR)-was employed prospective...

The distribution and extent of traumatic lesions were prospectively evaluated with MR imaging in 40 patients with closed head injuries. Primary intraaxial lesions were classified according to their distinctive topographical distribution within the brain and were of four main types: (1) diffuse axonal injury (48.2%), (2) cortical contusion (43.7%), (3) subcortical gray-matter injury (4.5%), and ...

Deep intracerebral (basal ganglia) haematomas were found post mortem in 63 of 635 fatal non-missile head injuries. In patients with a basal ganglia haematoma, contusions were more severe, there was a reduced incidence of a lucid interval, and there was an increased incidence of road traffic accidents, gliding contusions and diffuse axonal injury than in patients without this type of haematoma. ...

In the case of head trauma, elongation of axons is thought to result in brain damage and to lead to Diffuse Axonal Injuries (DAI). Mechanical parameters have been previously proposed as DAI metric. Typically, brain injury parameters are expressed in terms of pressure, shearing stresses or invariants of the strain tensor. Addressing axonal deformation within the brain during head impact can impr...

Closed head injury is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in infants and children, and results in pathologies such as diffuse axonal injury (DAI) and subarachnoid hematoma (SAH). To better understand the mechanical environment associated with closed head injury in the pediatric population, animal models that include salient features of human infant brain must be utilized. Based on deta...

This report describes technical adaptations of a traumatic brain injury (TBI) model-largely inspired by Marmarou-in order to monitor microdialysis data and PtiO2 (brain tissue oxygen) before, during and after injury. We particularly focalize on our model requirements which allows us to re-create some drastic pathological characteristics experienced by severely head-injured patients: impact on a...

Focal demyelinated plaques in white matter, which are the hallmark of multiple sclerosis pathology, only partially explain the patient's clinical deficits. We thus analysed global brain pathology in multiple sclerosis, focusing on the normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) and the cortex. Autopsy tissue from 52 multiple sclerosis patients (acute, relapsing-remitting, primary and secondary progres...

OBJECTIVES To determine the incidence of neurogenic fever (NF) in a population of patients in the acute phase following severe traumatic brain injury (TBI); to identify factors associated with the development of NF following severe TBI in adults. METHODS Charts of patients admitted from 1996 to 1999 with severe TBI at a large, urban mid-Atlantic teaching hospital were retrospectively evaluate...