A sero-immunological survey conducted by indirect immunofluorescence technique has made it possible to determine accurately the prevalence and distribution of treponematoses in the Sahel rural region of Upper Volta. The number of carriers of antitreponemal antibodies varies from one place to another, but is particularly high in a nomad community, where prevalence attains 84.2%. The magnitude of...

BACKGROUND Sero-positivity rates of the rubella virus among pregnant women vary widely throughout the world. In Tanzania, rubella vaccination is not included in the national immunization schedule and there is therefore no antenatal screening for this viral disease. So far, there are no reports on the sero-prevalence of rubella among pregnant women in Tanzania. As a result, this study was undert...

BACKGROUND In South Africa, stigma, discrimination, social visibility and fear of loss of confidentiality impede health facility-based HIV testing. With 50% of adults having ever tested for HIV in their lifetime, private, alternative testing options are urgently needed. Non-invasive, oral self-tests offer a potential for a confidential, unsupervised HIV self-testing option, but global data are ...

INTRODUCTION Nigeria's population of 160 million and estimated HIV prevalence of 3.34% (2011) makes Nigeria the second highest HIV burden worldwide, with 3.2 million people living with HIV (PLHIV). In 2010, US government spent about US$456.5 million on the Nigerian epidemic. Antenatal clinic (ANC) HIV sero-prevalence sentinel survey has been conducted biennially in Nigeria since 1991 to track t...

conclusions this epidemiological study indicated different rates and transmission risks for these viruses. hcv was the most contagious viral infection and htlv-i was the weakest in the prisoners. apart from kshv infection which its prevalence was as twice as in the general population, the prevalence of hbv and htlv-i in prisoners was nearly in ranges of the general population. background prison...

OBJECTIVES To study selected epidemiological aspects of visceral leishmaniasis, assess direct agglutination test (DAT) as a diagnostic method and the sero-epidemiological prevalence of the disease among apparently healthy children in Basrah, Iraq. METHODS This prospective study included 146 children suspected of visceral leishmaniasis who were admitted to Basrah Maternity and Children Hospita...