Optical irradiation accompanied by spontaneous anti-Stokes emission can lead to cooling of matter, a phenomenon known as laser cooling or optical refrigeration proposed in 1929 by Peter Pringsheim. In solid state materials, the cooling is achieved by annihilation of lattice vibrations (i.e., phonons). Since the first experimental demonstration in rare-earth doped glasses, considerable progress ...

In all previous consideration of crystal structure and crystal growth, for simplicity it has been assumed that the silicon crystal lattice is entirely free of defects. Of course, in reality, this cannot be true since at any temperature greater than absolute zero, no crystal of finite size can be absolutely perfect. Indeed, there are a number of different types of defects that can exist within t...

S 713 FRIDAY AFTERNOON, 8 NOVEMBER 2013 PLAZA BALLROOM F, 1:30 TO 4:30 Session HB SPIN INJECTION INTO SEMICONDUCTORS Georg Schmidt, Chair

A review of recent research involving isotopically controlled semiconductors is presented. Studies with isotopically enriched semiconductor structures experienced a dramatic expansion at the end of the Cold War when significant quantities of enriched isotopes of elements forming semiconductors became available for worldwide collaborations. Isotopes of an element differ in nuclear mass, may have...

Hydrogen can be inadvertently introduced at any of several steps in the fabrication of optoelectronic devices. The most common consequence of hydrogenation is the passivation of dopant impurities, which leads to a decrease in the electrical conductivity of the material. The most successfully applied experimental technique for directly determining the involvement of hydrogen has been infrared-ab...

We review the first decade of extensive optical studies of ferromagnetic, III-Mn-V diluted magnetic semiconductors. Mn introduces holes and local moments to the III–V host, which can result in carrier mediated ferromagnetism in these disordered semiconductors. Spectroscopic experiments provide direct access to the strength and nature of the exchange between holes and local moments; the degree o...

The fundamental limits of inorganic semiconductors for light emitting applications, such as holographic displays, biomedical imaging and ultrafast data processing and communication, might be overcome by hybridization with their organic counterparts, which feature enhanced frequency response and colour range. Innovative hybrid inorganic/organic structures exploit efficient electrical injection a...

We report on first-principles calculations of multilayers of zinc-blende half-metallic ferromagnets CrAs and CrSb with III-V and II-VI semiconductors, in the [001] orientation. We examine the ideal and tetragonalised structures, as well as the case of an intermixed interface. We find that, as a rule, half-metallicity can be conserved throughout the heterostructures, provided that the character ...

A brief review The history of FlexRay started in the late 1990s, when several car makers recognized that their future In-Vehicle Networking (IVN) requirements could not be solved with existing networks such as CAN. These car makers therefore decided to found a consortium − FlexRay Consortium − to develop and drive the adoption of an industry standard − FlexRay − for high-speed, time-triggered c...

Alexia Auffèves-Garnier, Christoph Simon, Jean-Michel Gérard, and Jean-Philippe Poizat CEA/CNRS/UJF Joint team ” Nanophysics and semiconductors ”, Laboratoire de Spectrométrie Physique (CNRS UMR5588), Université J. Fourier Grenoble1,140 rue de la Physique, BP 87, 38 402 Saint-Martin d’Hères Cédex, France and CEA/CNRS/UJF Joint team ” Nanophysics and semiconductors”, CEA/DRFMC/SP2M, 17 rue des M...