OBJECTIVE Activation of the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway with secondary neurovascular deficits are implicated in the pathogenesis of experimental diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). The aim of this study was to explore the interrelationships between hyperglycemia, activation of the COX-2 pathway, and oxidative stress and inflammation in mediating peripheral nerve dysfunction and whether COX-2...

Inhibition of cyclooygenase-2 (COX-2) catalytic activity has proven successful in restricting the growth of epithelial-derived cancers in vivo. Whether COX-2 inhibitor therapy would be beneficial in the prevention and/or treatment of ovarian cancer, the most lethal gynecological malignancy worldwide, is not known. Most patients with ovarian cancer undergo cytoreductive therapy. Because many of ...

Coxibs such as celecoxib, rofecoxib and valdecoxib are introduced as selective COX-2 inhibitors to the market. It has been reported that inhibition of COX-2 beside traditional effects of NSAIDs, reduces the risk of colorectal, breast and lung cancers and slow the progress of Alzheimer’s disease. Zarghi et al. reported 8-benzoyl-2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)quinoline-4-carboxylic acid (AZGH 102) ...

This study aimed at evaluating the relative contribution of endothelial cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 (COX-1 and COX-2) to prostacyclin (PGI(2)) production in the presence of mild oxidative stress resulting from autooxidation of polyphenols such as (-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG), using both endothelial cells in culture and isolated blood vessels. EGCG treatment resulted in an increase in hydro...

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs selective for inhibition of COX-2 increase heart failure and elevate blood pressure. The COX-2 gene was floxed and crossed into merCremer mice under the alpha-myosin heavy-chain promoter. Tamoxifen induced selective deletion of COX-2 in cardiomyocytes depressed cardiac output, and resulted in weight loss, diminished exercise tolerance, and enhanced susceptib...

Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), including selective cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitors, have come to play an important role in the pharmacologic management of musculoskeletal disorders. Clinical trials have established the efficacy of etoricoxib in Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Acute Gouty Arthritis, Ankylosing Spondylitis, Low back pain, acute postoperative pain, and pri...

The widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs block the cyclooxygenase enzymes (COXs) and are clinically used for the treatment of inflammation, pain, and cancers. A selective inhibition of the different isoforms, particularly COX-2, is desirable, and consequently a deeper understanding of the molecular basis of selective inhibition is of great demand. Using an advanced computational tec...

OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX 2) inhibitors and traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on the risk of vascular events. DESIGN Meta-analysis of published and unpublished tabular data from randomised trials, with indirect estimation of the effects of traditional NSAIDs. DATA SOURCES Medline and Embase (January 1966 to April 2005); Food...

The beneficial actions of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been linked to their ability to inhibit inducible COX-2 at sites of inflammation, and their side effects (e.g., gastric damage) to inhibition of constitutive COX-1. Selective inhibitors of COX-2, such as celecoxib, etoricoxib, lumiracoxib, rofecoxib, and valdecoxib have been developed and the greatest recent growth in ...