Candida albicans is the most common human fungal pathogen and causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Nevertheless, the basic principles of C. albicans pathogenesis remain poorly understood. Of central importance to the study of this organism is the ability to generate homozygous knockout mutants and to analyze them in a mammalian model of pathogenesis. C. albicans is diploid, and...

In this study, the transformed system mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens of Gynostemma pentaphyllum was constructed using phosphomannose-isomerase (PMI) gene as a marker. To investigate cefotaxime sodium salt (Cef) concentration bacteriostatic medium and appropriate mannose in selectable medium, explants stems with buds were cultured basic supplemented different Cef concentrations, respectiv...

Plasmid-free Chlamydia trachomatis serovar L2 organisms have been transformed with chlamydial plasmid-based shuttle vectors pGFP::SW2 and pBRCT using β-lactamase as a selectable marker. However, the recommendation of amoxicillin, a β-lactam antibiotics, as one of the choices for treating pregnant women with cervicitis due to C. trachomatis infection has made the existing shuttle vectors unsuita...

An assay to monitor homologous recombination in plant cells has been established by cotransfecting Nicotiana plumbaginifolia protoplasts with different topological forms of plasmids of various deletion mutants of a non-selectable marker gene, the beta-glucuronidase (GUS) gene. Transient GUS enzyme activities were measured by a sensitive assay. In the nuclear DNA of the cotransfected protoplasts...

BACKGROUND Reporter genes are often used as a selectable marker for generation of recombinant viruses in order to investigate the mechanism of pathogenesis and to obtain candidate vaccine viruses. Routine selection of the recombinant parapoxvirus is time-consuming and labor intensive. Therefore, developing a novel method for selection is critical. RESULTS In this study, we developed a rapid m...

background: the availability of testis specific genes will be of help in choosing the most promising biomarkers for the detection of testicular sperm retrieval in patients with non-obstructive azoospermia (noa). testis specific chromodomain protein y 1 (cdy1) is a histone acetyltransferase which concentrates in the round spermatid nucleus, where histone hyperacetylation occurs and causes the re...