Metabolism is a chemical aspect of life that produces metabolites and energy by chemical reactions catalyzed by enzymes. Metabolic reactions that synthesize basic metabolites such as nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and amino acids are shared by various organisms. Those that synthesize secondary metabolites such as antibiotics, toxins, dyes and hormones are specific to individual organisms. Most o...

Rotavirus is an important cause of childhood diarrhoea. A monovalent rotavirus vaccine (Rotarix®) was introduced into the Immunization Program of Brazil in 2006. In this study, we describe the incidence and burden of disease of rotavirus diarrhoea in two cohorts of children (vaccinated and unvaccinated). We followed two groups of 250 children under one year old, who were enrolled in December 20...

BACKGROUND Households play a major role in community spread of influenza and are potential targets for mitigation strategies. METHODS We enrolled and followed 328 households with children during the 2010-2011 influenza season; this season was characterized by circulation of influenza A (H3N2), A (H1N1)pdm09 and type B viruses. Specimens were collected from subjects with acute respiratory illn...

Trace organic compounds (TrOCs), mostly found in secondary effluents, have a potential impact on the environment, affecting surface water, groundwater, and especially aquatic ecosystems. The present study focuses on oxidation of five selected TrOCs in column experiments, by simulating Soil Aquifer Treatment (SAT) integrated with Fenton-like reaction, using Granular Ferric Hydroxide (GFH) as a c...

Copper matrix composite reinforced by 1wt.% TiB2 particles was prepared using in situ reaction of Cu-1.4wt.% Ti and Cu-0.7wt.% B by rapid solidification and subsequent heat treatment for 1-20 hrs at 900ºC. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) characterization showed that primary TiB2 particles were formed in liquid copper. Heat treatment of as-solidified samples led to ...

OBJECTIVES Preventable adverse drug events (ADEs) are closely related to administration processes of parenteral medication. The Dutch Patient Safety Program provided a protocol for administering parenteral medication to reduce the amount of ADEs. The execution of the protocol was evaluated and a cost estimation was performed to provide insight in the associated costs of protocol compliance. M...

Atherothrombosis and its complications are currently the leading cause of worldwide mortality and its incidence is increasing . Platelets play an essential role in the pathogenesis of atherothrombotic events, justifying the use of antiplatelet agents in their prevention. Thus, it is essential to know the efficacy and safety profile of these drugs in primary and secondary prevention of atherothr...

Trace organic compounds (TrOCs), mostly found in secondary effluents, have a potential impact on the environment, affecting surface water, groundwater, and especially aquatic ecosystems. The present study focuses on oxidation of five selected TrOCs in column experiments, by simulating Soil Aquifer Treatment (SAT) integrated with Fenton-like reaction, using Granular Ferric Hydroxide (GFH) as a c...

Secondary reactions induced by relativistic beams in inverse kinematics in a thick target are relevant in several fields of experimental physics and technology, like secondary radioactive beams, production of exotic nuclei close to the proton drip line, and cross-section measurements for applications of spallation reactions for energy production and incineration of nuclear wastes. A general mat...