In this issue of Virulence, Elmastour et al. link the increased pathology of secondary coxsackievirus infections to enhancement of infection by antibody to the coxsackievirus. This editorial demonstrates that this is a phenomenon has been found in other murine models of human disease in which enterovirus persists beyond the acute stage. How is it possible for a second enterovirus infection to l...

The generation of a functional memory T cell pool upon primary encounter with an infectious pathogen is, in combination with humoral immunity, an essential process to confer protective immunity against reencounters with the same pathogen. A prerequisite for the generation and maintenance of long-lived memory T cells is the clearance of antigen after infection, which is fulfilled upon resolution...

During the past eras, many mathematicians have paid their attentions to model dynamics of dengue virus (DENV) infection but without taking into account mobility cells and DENV particles. In this study, we develop investigate a partial differential equations (PDEs) that describes secondary spatial particles cells. The includes five nonlinear PDEs describing interaction among target cells, DENV-i...

Patients with COVID-19 who have underwentsurgery high rates of mortality and complications includingincreasedrespiratorydistress, bacterialinfections, pneumothorax multi-visceralfailure. Pneumomedistinis a rare complication. Surgical indications in patients shouldbediscussed multidisciplinary consultation meeting, considering the presenceof comorbidities availability therapeutic alternatives. W...