statement of the problem: the maintenance of viable periodontal ligament cells is the most important issue in the long-term preservation of avulsed teeth. purpose: the aim of this study was to assess aloe vera as a new storage media in maintaining the cell viability of dry-stored teeth in comparison with soy milk, hank`s balanced salt solution (hbss), and milk. materials and method: twenty one ...

Domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) are increasingly popular as household pets; therefore, veterinarians need to be familiar with the most common diseases afflicting rabbits including dental diseases. Diagnostic approaches for dental disease include gross oral examination, endoscopic oral examination, skull radiography, and computed tomography (CT). CT overcomes many limitations of standar...

During the educational dissection of a 72-year-old Chinese male cadaver, bilateral extensor digitorum brevis manus (EDBM) muscles were observed. The left EDBM muscle originated from the joint capsule ligament, running across the second dorsal interosseous muscle as double tendons (EDBM ulnar tendon and EDBM radial tendon) on the ulnar side of extensor digitorum communis (EDC)-index finger. The ...

Enteral feeding has become an important means of providing nutritional support to seriously ill patients. Placement of the feeding tube through the pyloric ring and past the ligament of Treitz into the proximal jejunum is critical to reduce the risk of gastroesophageal regurgitation and microaspiration. We started utilizing transnasal endoscopy for intestinal feeding tube placement, placing ent...

The discomaleollar ligament is not described in the anatomy textbooks but was demonstrated by Pinto (1962) and others. It is a ligamentous structure connecting the malleus in the tympanic cavity and the articular disc and the capsule of the temporomandibular joint. This anatomical relationship between the middle ear and temporomandibular joint is supposed to be one of the explanations for the o...

Studies implicate the cervical facet joint and its capsule as a primary anatomical site of injury during whiplash exposures to the neck. Although the facet joint is known to undergo stretch as the superior vertebra is retracted relative to the inferior vertebra during the whiplash kinematic, the response of the facet capsular ligament and its microstructure during failure in joint retraction is...

Avulsion fracture at the site of attachment of the coracoid process of the coracoclavicular ligament (CCL) is extremely rare. We presented three adult cases of this unusual avulsion fracture associated with other injuries. Case  1 was a 25-year-old right-handed male with a left distal clavicular fracture with an avulsion fracture of the coracoid attachment of the CCL; this case was treated surg...