A subset of mammalian retinal ganglion cells expresses an opsin photopigment (melanopsin, Opn4) and is intrinsically photosensitive. The human retina contains melanopsin, but the literature lacks a direct investigation of its spectral sensitivity or G-protein selectivity. Here, we address this deficit by studying physiological responses driven by human melanopsin under heterologous expression i...

Ethanol exposure during pregnancy can cause structural and functional changes in the brain that can impair cognitive capacity. The hippocampal formation, an area of the brain strongly linked with learning and memory, is particularly vulnerable to the teratogenic effects of ethanol. In the present experiments we sought to determine if the functional effects of developmental ethanol exposure coul...

The extended SSH model and Bogoliubov-de Gennes(BdeG) formalism are applied to investigate the electronic properties and stable lattice configurations of C36. We focus the problem on the molecule’s unusual D6h symmetry. The electronic part of the Hamiltonian without Coulomb interaction is solved analytically. We find that the gap between HOMO and LUMO is small due to the long distance hopping b...

determination of boundary surface structures is commonly used for data interpretation. horizontal and vertical derivatives are useful tool for determining the edges boundary. using horizontal and vertical derivative in signal analysis method; that is effective method for interpretation of edges boundary, have been used commercially.in acquisition potential field data, using different methods of...

the recent literatures indicate that central nervous system (cns) is highly vulnerable to systemic hyperthermia induced by whole body heating on conscious animals. in the present study, cerebral electrical activity or eeg (electroencephalogram) following exposure to high environmental heat has been studied in moving rats. rats were divided into three group (i) acute heat stress-subjected to a s...

Theoretically, in order to describe the behavior of a spectrum, a mathematical model whichcould predict the spectrum characteristics is needed. Since in this study a Two-state system has beenused like models which was introduced previously past and could couple with the environment, theformer ideas have been extended in this study. we use the second quantized version for writing thisHamiltonian...