This paper presents a general method for studying the mechanical properties of a ferrofluid seal by using a three-dimensional analytical approach based on the coulombian model of a magnet. The fundamental Maxwell’s equations lead us to define the concept of magnetic energy of the ferrofluid seal by using only the three-dimensional equations of the magnetic field created by ring permanent magnet...

712 Soil physical conditions can aff ect diff usion, environmental fate, and effi cacy of fumigants in soil disinfestation treatments. Water seals (applying water using sprinklers to soil following fumigation) can eff ectively reduce fumigant emissions from sandy loam soils. Soil column studies compared the eff ectiveness of water seals in reducing cis-1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) emissions from...

RATIONALE Mixing models are a common method for quantifying the contribution of prey sources to the diet of an individual using stable isotope analysis; however, these models rely upon a known trophic discrimination factor (hereafter, TDF) that results from fractionation between prey and animal tissues. Quantifying TDFs in captive animals is ideal, because diet is controlled and the proportiona...

Traditional encryption schemes, both symmetric and asymmetric, were not designed to respect the algebraic structure of the plaintext and ciphertext spaces. Many schemes, such as ElGamal (resp. e.g. Paillier), are multiplicatively homomorphic (resp. additively homomorphic), so that one can perform certain limited types of computations directly on the encrypted data and have them pass through the...

Colorectal anastomotic leakage (AL) is a serious complication in colorectal surgery leading to high morbidity and mortality rates. The incidence of AL varies between 2.5 and 20%. Over the years, many strategies aimed at lowering the incidence of anastomotic leakage have been examined. The cause of AL is probably multifactorial. Etiological factors include insufficient arterial blood supply, ten...

This review summarises the occurrence of herpesvirus infections in pinnipeds and data from investigations carried out by the authors. These data demonstrate that herpesvirus isolates collected from harbour seals (Phoca vitulina Linnaeus, 1758) during the 1988 seal epidemic were almost indistinguishable from feline herpesvirus 1 and that Antarctic Weddell's seals (Leptonychotes weddelli Lesson, ...

Previously unresolved problems in the populations studies of the Pribilof fur seal are reviewed. The tagging estimates of fur seal pups may have been biased by tag mortality and hence the apparent year class fluctuations after 1952 may be unreal. A set of cumulative estimates are given for the number of pups born in each year since 1950. These cumulative estimates depend on the estimate of the ...

Underwater, the contrast between object and background is much larger reduced with increasing distance between object and observer than in air. For marine predators, such as pinnipeds, it would therefore be advantageous to possess a high sensitivity for brightness differences, since this would increase the distance at which prey can be detected visually. Few studies have examined the brightness...