BACKGROUND Percutaneous pedicle screw instrumentation is a minimally invasive surgical technique; however, the effects of using percutaneous pedicle screw fixation in treating patients with spinal infections have not yet been well demonstrated. The aim of this study, therefore, was to determine whether percutaneous posterior pedicle screw instrumentation is superior to the traditional open appr...

Most patients with trichuriasis have light worm burdens. Data regarding the inflammatory response to Trichuris worms in the colon of lightly infected persons are scant. Nine patients whose Trichuris infection was found by colonoscopy had biopsies taken from a site adjacent to visible worms and from a second site some 20 cm distally. The biopsies were studied by routine and immunohistochemical m...

Accurately identifying resistance to gastrointestinal nematode infections requires the ability to identify animals with low and high intensities of infection. The pathogenic effects of nematodes depend upon both the length and number of worms, neither of which can be measured in live animals. Indices that predict these quantities are urgently needed. Monthly fecal egg counts, bodyweights, IgA c...

cases of sparganum mansoni , caused by the plerocercoid larva of the tapeworm s. mansoni , occur through­out the world, particularly in asian, middle eastern, and european countries. however, cases of infection with this parasite are rarely seen in japan. here, we present a case of a 61-year-old woman with a solitary subcutaneous nodule in left inner aspect of the thigh, from which a long, slen...

Worms are self –replicating, fast moving malicious codes, capable of spreading themselves without human interaction. It’s a weapon of choice for those, who like to launch destructive attacks on network or internet as a whole. Recently there emerge more sophisticated worms such as polymorphic worm which vary their payload in every infection attempt. Polymorphic worms have more than one mutated i...

N., Mohammedan male, aged 30 years, reported sicic in the cooly lines at about 5-30 p.m. The history was that he had had no motion for three days; there was intense pain in the abdomen with bilious vomiting which started only that morning. On examination it was found that there was pain in general over the abdomen, aggravated by the slightest pressure, but most acute in the left iliac fossa, ri...

Teladorsagia circumcincta is the most economically important gastrointestinal (abomasal) nematode parasite of sheep in cool temperate regions, to which sheep show genetically-varying resistance to infection. Lambs, from parents with genetic variation for resistance, were trickle infected with L3 larvae over 12 weeks. 45 lambs were identified with a range of susceptibilities as assessed by: adul...

Mice, C57Bl/6N (B6) and BALB/cAnN (BALB), infected with Schistosoma mansoni were examined 8-26 weeks postinfection (PI) to estimate the fecundity of the worms and the contribution of death of worms and the death of heavily infected mice to the decrease in worm numbers in chronic infections. Portal worms were recovered by perfusion and the lungs were examined for parasites shunted from the porta...