Scorpion sting-induced human envenomation provokes an intense inflammatory reaction. However, the mechanisms behind the recognition of scorpion venom and the induction of mediator release in mammalian cells are unknown. We demonstrated that TLR2, TLR4 and CD14 receptors sense Tityus serrulatus venom (TsV) and its major component, toxin 1 (Ts1), to mediate cytokine and lipid mediator production....

In this study, Mesobuthus gibbosus and Mesobuthus eupeus eupeus venom samples were compared for lethality, in-vivo effects and proteins. Neutralization capacity of monovalent Androctonus crassicauda antivenom (RSHA anti-Ac) was tested against the lethal effects of the venoms. Venom was obtained from mature scorpions by electrical stimulation of the telson. The lethality of the venom and potency...

Scorpion stings are currently the leading cause of venom-related injury to humans in Brazil and are a significant public health problem globally. Only scorpions of the Tityus genus are of medical importance in Brazil, and Tityus serrulatus is responsible for the most serious envenomations and deaths. The toxic effects of scorpion envenomation are due to a massive release of sympathetic and para...

Scorpion venom is a rich source of biomolecules, which can perturb physiological activity of the host on envenomation and may also have a therapeutic potential. Scorpion venoms produced by the columnar cells of venom gland are complex mixture of mucopolysaccharides, neurotoxic peptides and other components. This study was aimed at cataloguing the elemental composition of venoms obtained from me...

BACKGROUND Information on scorpion stings is available for many parts of Saudi Arabia, but not for Al-Jouf Province. METHODS We reviewed and analyzed 1449 cases of scorpion stings that presented to the emergency department of the hospitals and medical centers in Al-Jouf Province during a 2-year period (2005-2006). RESULTS The majority of patients (92.7%) manifested class I envenomation with...

INTRODUCTION Envenomation by scorpion stings is a major public health problem in numerous tropical countries because of its frequent incidence and potential severity. Approximately 1,900 species of scorpions are known in the world, and at least 130 of these have been described in Brazil. METHODS This work reports on 3 child deaths caused by Tityus stigmurus stings and characterizes epidemiolo...

BACKGROUND Antivenom is still widely used in the treatment of envenomation as there are no vaccines or other effective agents available against animal venoms. Recently, neurotoxins named birtoxin family have been described from Parabuthus transvaalicus and Androctonus crassicauda. The aim of the present study was to test the anti-birtoxin antibodies for their ability to neutralize the lethal ef...

Background: Poisoning and Envenomation in children are quite common medical emergencies requiringhospitalization. Different regions may have different profiles depending on location standards of living. Toknow the profile outcome acute poisoning envenomation among at our region this study wasundertaken.Methods: The ambispective from year 2014 -2021 reviewed all maximum possible cases pediatricp...