it is only thirteen years since the scanning electron microscope has been available commercially. yet, even in this short period of time, this instrument has been a powerful tool in the investigation of topography, electrical and magnetic properties, crystal structure, cathodoluminescent characteristics etc. of solid specimens. today, this type of microscope has opened its place alongside the c...

INTRODUCTION This paper describes the design and some initial evaluation of a prototype instrument for measuring roundness profiles of axially symmetric micro components with diameters below 500 μm. The instrument will measure form error in micro-scale cutting tools used for micro machining, small-hole metrology probes, and other high aspect ratio micro structures. The instrument will operate o...

Controlled chemical reaction of single trans-2-butene molecules on the Pd(110) surface was realized by dosing tunneling electrons from the tip of a scanning tunneling microscope at 4.7 K. The reaction product was identified as a 1,3-butadiene molecule by inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy. Threshold voltage for the reaction is approximately 365 mV, which coincides with the vibrational ex...

Single-walled carbon nanotubes are ideal systems for investigating fundamental properties and applications of one-dimensional electronic systems. The interaction of magnetic impurities with electrons confined in one dimension has been studied by spatially resolving the local electronic density of states of small cobalt clusters on metallic single-walled nanotubes with a low-temperature scanning...

Tunneling spectroscopy has been used to detect the photoexcitation of charge carriers in the wide band-gap semiconductors, ZnO and cubic SiC. Because the process is energy sensitive, valence-toconduction hand or defect charge transfer transitions may be selectively excited and detected with the scanning tunneling microscope. Two types of transitions were detected which change the tunneling resp...

This dissertation analyzes the feasibility and advantages of molecular functionalization of scanning tunneling microscope (STM) probes with buckminsterfullerenes. The C60 molecules are adsorbed onto the tunneling region of a STM tip by rastering the tip in a thin lm of C60 vacuum deposited on graphite. The individual tip-adsorbed molecules are subsequently imaged in situ by scanning the fullere...

We study the effects of phonons on the tunneling of an atom between two surfaces. In contrast to an atom tunneling in the bulk, the phonons couple very strongly and qualitatively change the tunneling behavior. This is the first example of Ohmic coupling from phonons for a two-state system. We propose an experiment in which an atom tunnels from the tip of an scanning-tunneling microscope, and sh...

The structure of single atoms in real space is investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy. Very high resolution can be obtained by a dramatic reduction of the tip-sample distance. The instabilities which are normally encountered while using small tip-sample distances are avoided by oscillating the tip of the scanning tunneling microscope vertically with respect to the sample. The surface ato...

Quantum corrals are two dimensional structures built atom by atom on an atomically clean metallic surface using a scanning tunneling microscope. These two dimensional structures “corral” electrons in the surface states of noble metals which lead to standing wave patterns in the electron density inside the quantum corral. We review the physics of quantum corrals and relate the signal of the scan...

This report describes the design and construction of a Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM). A Scanning Tunneling Microscope is a relatively new instrument in the field of surface science and has the capability of atomic resolution of surfaces. This report presents some background theory pertinent to the understanding of the STM. Theories of electron tunnefing, STM operation, and control theory ...