This paper discusses a methodology to estimate the costs and benefits of advanced control for wastewater treatment plants. The methodology has been applied to four wastewater treatment plants, representing four standard types of plants built in Flanders, Belgium. The paper outlines the methodology and illustrated results from one of the four design cases. General results are shown and contraste...

A new semi-automatic method for determining parameters for L-based plant modeling systems is introduced. It is shown that many of the parameters necessary to create realistic plants can be extracted semi-automatically from photographs of real plants. By replacing numerical parameters with a more intuitive set of graphical modeling primitives, it is possible to significantly speed up the design ...

The use of transgenic plants for the expression of therapeutic recombinant proteins is gradually gaining acceptance in the scientific community (Moffat, 1995). There are many attractions to this technology, including the possibility of manufacture on an agricultural scale for bulk production and to reduce costs, as well as the range of plant hosts available and the stability of transgenic lines...

The micronutrients iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu) are essential for plants and the humans and animals that consume plants. Increasing the micronutrient density of staple crops, or biofortification, will greatly improve human nutrition on a global scale. This review discusses the processes and genes needed to translocate micronutrients through the plant to the developing seeds, and potent...

Pollinators are declining worldwide and possible underlying causes include disease, invasive pest species and large scale land use changes resulting in habitat loss and degradation. One particular cause of habitat degradation is the increased inflow of nutrients due to anthropogenic combustion processes and large scale application of agricultural fertilizers. This nutrient pollution has been sh...

abstract an investigation was undertaken to ascertain the influence of hydro-alcoholic solutions on plant growth as well as quality attributes of strawberry fruits. the mother plants of strawberry (fragaria ananasa cv. gaviota) were subjected to various aqueous solutions of ethanol (15, 30%), methanol (15, 30%) and the mixture of ethanol + methanol (15 or 30%) plus the control (water only) as f...