BACKGROUND AND AIM: Oral leukoplakia (OL) is a common premalignant lesion. The possible benefits of specific interventions in preventing a malignant transformation of OL are not well understood. This review assesses different invasive treatment techniques for OL and evaluate the optimal treatment possibilities.METHODS: A Medline (PubMed) search was conducted and heterogeneity between the studie...

INTRODUCTION Oral leukoplakia (OL) is the most common potentially malignant lesion of the oral cavity. AIM The purpose of the study was clinical and epidemiological analysis of patients with OL diagnosed and treated in the Department of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Medical University of Gdansk, comparison of effectiveness of treatment methods, defining whether van der Waal level of OL infl...

In the present study, we show that four unusual cholesterol precursors, 5α-cholesta-8,14-dien-3β-ol, 4-methyl-5α-cholesta-8,24-dien-3β-ol (4-methylzymosterol), 4,4,14-trimethyl-5α-cholesta-8,24-dien-3β-ol (lanosterol), and 4,4-dimethyl-5α-cholesta-8,24-dien-3β-ol (4,4-dimethylzymosterol) are present in testes of the limpet Cellana grata, which is part of one of the most primitive gastropod fami...

Seven parguerane diterpenes: 15-bromo-2,7,19-triacetoxyparguer-9(11)-en-16-ol (1), 15-bromo-2,7,16,19-tetraacetoxyparguer-9(11)-ene (2), 15-bromo-2,19-diacetoxyparguer-9(11)-en-7,16-diol (3), 15-bromo-2,16,19-triacetoxyparguer-9(11)-en-7-ol (4), 15-bromo-2,16-diacetoxyparguer-9(11)-en-7-ol (5), 15-bromoparguer-9(11)-en-16-ol (6), 15-bromoparguer-7-en-16-ol (7), two polyether triterpenes: thyrsi...

Terpinen-4-ol is a terpene found in the rhizome of Plai (Zingiber montanum (Koenig) Link ex Dietr.). In this study apoptogenic activity and mechanisms of cell death induced by terpinen-4-ol were investigated in the human leukemic MOLT-4 cell line. Terpinen-4-ol exhibited cytotoxicity in MOLT-4 cells, with characteristic morphological features of apoptosis by Wright's staining. The mode of cell ...

Developing oligodendrocytes (OLs) are highly vulnerable to glutamate excitotoxicity. Although OL excitotoxicity is mainly mediated by alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA) receptors (AMPARs) and is Ca2+-dependent, the molecular basis for AMPAR-mediated Ca2+ influx in OLs remains largely unclear. Ca2+ permeability of AMPARs is inversely correlated with the abundance of the...

In this study, the structural changes of alkali lignin induced by ozonation were investigated, and effect ozone-treated its mechanism on Avicel enzymatic hydrolysis was examined. The physicochemical properties analyzed FTIR, 1H-13C HSQC NMR, GPC. It revealed that ozone pretreatment increased content carboxyl and/or aldehyde groups negative zeta potential lignin, which enhanced electrostatic rep...

Relationships between fish length and otolith length, width mass were investigated in the two nearly threatened silurid species (Siluriformes) Ailia coila (Hamilton, 1822) Ompok pabda Hamilton, collected from Ganga River at Narora, India. The relationships (OL) total (TL), (OWd) TL, weight (OWe) TL are expressed by linear regression models; for A. coila, OL = 0.0291 + 0.8541, OWd 0.0306 0.2241,...

We prove that for a prime number p greater than 6000, the Olson's constant for the group Zp ⊕ Zp is given by Ol(Zp ⊕ Zp) = p − 1 + Ol(Zp).

We prove that for a prime number p greater than 6000, the Olson’s constant for the group Zp ⊕ Zp is given by Ol(Zp ⊕ Zp) = p − 1 + Ol(Zp).