In Gambia, women groups are the core of developmental activities. The role of women in micro financing for poverty alleviation has long been recognized as vital approach to household welfare. Microfinance generally refers to the provision of financial services (e.g. savings, credit, insurance) to the poor especially women who normally do not have easy access to formal financial institutions. In...

The IEEE 802.15.4 has attracted time-critical applications in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) because of its beacon-enabled mode and guaranteed timeslots (GTSs). However, the GTS scheme's security still leave the 802.15.4 MAC vulnerable to attacks. Further, the existing techniques in the literature for securing 802.15.4 either focus on non beacon-enabled 802.15.4 or cannot defend against inside...

This paper argues that all current project risk management processes induce a restricted focus on the management of project uncertainty. In part this is because the term ‘risk’ encourages a threat perspective. In part this is because the term ‘risk’ has become associated with ‘events’ rather than more general sources of significant uncertainty. The paper discusses the reasons for this view, and...