The acute toxicity of organophosphorus (OP) compounds in mammals is due to their irreversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the nervous system, which leads to increased synaptic acetylcholine levels. The protective actions of intravenously (i.v.) administered pyridostigmine, physostigmine, eptastigmine, and an organophosphate hydrolase, phosphotriesterase, in acute sarin intoxica...

The calculations of the electronic and structural properties for interactions of Sarin with ZnnOnand CdnOn(n=1,4) have been conducted by B3LYP/6-31++G(d,p) level of DFT method. The ZnOaffects on disconnection of propyl bond of Sarin and Cd4O4 interacts with Fluorine atom of Sarin. The results of Radial Distribution Function (RDF) show that the interaction of Sarin is probable at 380 K with ZnO ...

At the present study, different properties of Sarin with the formula [(CH3)2CHO]CH3POF was studiedin gas phase. Geometrical optimizations of Sarin, single point calculation, NMR and Electricalparameters were carried out in gas phase with the Hartee -Fock method coupled to 6-31g* basis setsfor all atoms. The results obtained from a comparison between tables and charts came up fordiscussion and a...

A myriad of neurological symptoms including muscle and joint pain, ataxia, chronic fatigue, headache, and difficulty in concentration have been reported by Persian Gulf War (PGW) veterans. A large number of these veterans were prophylactically treated with pyridostigmine bromide (PB) and possibly exposed to sarin. In the present study we investigated the effects of PB and sarin, alone and in co...

The Tokyo subway sarin attack was the second documented incident of nerve gas poisoning in Japan. Prior to the Tokyo subway sarin attack, there had never been such a large-scale disaster caused by nerve gas in peacetime history. This article provides details related to how the community emergency medical services (EMS) system responded from the viewpoint of disaster management, the problems enc...

Wild-type phosphotriesterase (PTE) preferentially hydrolyzes the R(P) enantiomers of the nerve agents sarin (GB) and cyclosarin (GF) and their chromophoric analogues. The active site of PTE can be subdivided into three binding pockets that have been denoted as the small, large, and leaving group pockets based on high-resolution crystal structures. The sizes and shapes of these pockets dictate t...

Please direct correspondence to Pierre Gareil at [email protected]. he different conflicts of the 20th century were marked by the use of chemical weapons. Therefore, the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) was signed in 1993 and came into force in 1997 to prohibit the development, production, stockpiling, and use of chemical warfare agents (1). But today, the use of chemical weapons by terro...