BACKGROUND Rhinoviruses (RV) are a well-established cause of respiratory illness. RV-C has been associated with more severe illness. We aimed to characterize and compare the clinical presentations and disease severity of different RV type circulating in South Africa. METHOD We performed two analyses of RV-positive specimens identified through surveillance in South Africa across all age groups...

This study was carried out to determine the distribution of particles in classrooms in primary schools located in the centre of the city of Sari, Iran and identify the relationship between indoor classroom particle levels and outdoor PM2.5 concentrations. Outdoor PM2.5 and indoor PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 were monitored using a real-time Micro Dust Pro monitor and a GRIMM monitor, respectively. Both...

BACKGROUND Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most important causative agents in community- and hospital-acquired infections. Aminoglycosides are powerful bactericidal drugs that are often used in combination with beta-lactams or glycopeptides to treat staphylococcal infections. OBJECTIVES The main objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of aminoglycoside resistance am...

BACKGROUND Viruses detected in patients with acute respiratory infections may be the cause of illness or asymptomatic shedding. OBJECTIVE To estimate the attributable fraction (AF) and the detection rate attributable to illness for each of the different respiratory viruses STUDY DESIGN We compared the prevalence of 10 common respiratory viruses (influenza A and B viruses, parainfluenza viru...

BACKGROUND Severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) threatens human health and even survival, causing a huge number of hospitalized patients every year. However, as one of the most common respiratory viruses circulated worldwide, the epidemiological and phylogenetic characteristics of human parainfluenza virus (HPIV) in these cases were not well known. OBJECTIVES To reveal the epidemiologica...

BACKGROUND Globally, pneumonia is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children, with the highest burden experienced in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. However, there is a dearth of information on the etiology of severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) in Africa, including Niger. METHODS We implemented a retrospective study as part of national influenza sentinel surveillance in Niger....

Severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) is one of the world’s most common causes of pediatric hospitalization and mortality, with severe outcomes disproportionately affecting the poorest countries, such as those in sub-Saharan Africa [1]. Despite the public health and clinical importance of SARI, most sub-Saharan African countries have had weak surveillance for overall and cause-specific SARI h...

MARZIEH ZARE: TUT Thesis Template Tampere University of Technology Master of Science Thesis, 59 pages December 2016 Master’s Degree Programme in Information Technology Major: Signal Processing Examiners: Prof. Ulla Ruotsalainen, Associate Prof. Andre S. Ribeiro, and Assistant Prof. Sari Peltonen