Objective: To present our ‘methylene blue-guided retroperitoneoscopy technique’ that we apply in cases where extravasation develops for various reasons and is complicated as a result Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy surgery (PNL). Material Methods: A total of 36 patients, who underwent PNL with the blue at Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training Research Hospital between 2014 2020, were retrospectively ev...

Objective: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGB) is one of the most important and serious cause of emergency admission in childhood. The aim of the study was to evaluate the etiological factors and the treatment approaches in patients with UGB.Methods: In this retrospective study, children with UGB admitted to emergency clinics of Istanbul Health Sciences University Kanuni Sultan Suleyman...

Case A 12 year-old boy who had been diagnosed as juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) nine years ago, had attended to our hospital with the complaints of high fever, arthralgia and abdominal pain. He was febrile with salmon colored maculopapular rash all over the body. He was evaluated for infections and malignancy. He was diagnosed as systemic onset JIA (SoJIA). Pulse steroid therapy was starte...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Obstructive ureteral pathologies in adult patients are most commonly due to ureteral strictures and secondary to surgical interventions. In this study, we aimed to compare open and laparoscopic modified Lich-Gregoir ureteral reimplantation with regards to outcomes in benign ureteral pathologies in adult patients. METHODS Between December 2008 and December 2014, 32 open ...

Analogy and metaphor are central to scientific thought. They figure in discovery, as in Rutherford's analogy of the solar system for the atom or Faraday's use of lines of magnetized iron filings to reason about electric fields (Nersessian, 1984 ; Tweney, 1983). They are also used in teaching : novices are told to think of electricity as analogous to water flowing through pipes (Gentner & Gentne...

Morphological aspect of tracheal preparations and pulmonary tissue was studied in vitro. Th e material was obtained from autopsy of newborns that died from diff erent causes. Examinations were made in different gestational periods (immature - weeks; premature - weeks; mature > weeks). Material for examination was obtained up to  hours after death. Pulmonary and tracheal tissue was in...

Thermodynamics is the science that deals with all the phenomena that involve the transfer of energy, i.e. heat and work. Its development started in 1824 with the efforts of Sadi Carnot to improve the closed-cycle steam engine discovered by James Watt in 1764. In 1850, R. Clausius laid the foundations of the laws of thermodynamics. Soon thereafter a conflict between the second law of Thermodynam...