Fariba Bakhshian, Hossein Jabbari Beirami, Saba Jabbari Beirami, Seiied Yaaghoob Fatollahi. Ms of midwifery, vice chancellor office, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz, Iran; Associated Professor of Health Administration & Management, Department of Community Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz, Iran; Dentistry student, Dentistry faculty, Tabriz University of Medical...

• Objective: To compare budesonide/formoterol (BFC) and fluticasone propionate/salmeterol (FSC) in their ability to reduce COPD exacerbations using a novel risk stratification approach. • Design: Retrospective cohort study with propensity matching and stratification by short-acting beta2-agonist (SABA) use. • Participants: 7704 COPD patients identified using 2 U.S. health claims databases (stud...

Short-acting β2-agonists (SABA) are widely used in the emergency department (ED) to treat patients with decompensated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We sought to model the effectiveness of nebulized SABA (terbutaline) on clinically relevant parameters associated with a reduction in work of breathing or respiratory muscle fatigue in decompensated COPD patients admitted to the ED.F...

During persistent infection, optimal expression of bacterial factors is required to match the ever-changing host environment. The gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori has a large set of simple sequence repeats (SSR), which constitute contingency loci. Through a slipped strand mispairing mechanism, the SSRs generate heterogeneous populations that facilitate adaptation. Here, we present a model t...

Asthma often starts before six years of age. However, there remains uncertainty as to when and how a preschool-age child with symptoms suggestive of asthma can be diagnosed with this condition. This delays treatment and contributes to both short- and long-term morbidity. Members of the Canadian Thoracic Society Asthma Clinical Assembly partnered with the Canadian Paediatric Society to develop a...

BACKGROUND Gastric Helicobacter pylori colonization leads to iron deficiency anemia (IDA), especially in children and adolescents. However the pathogenesis is poorly understood. OBJECTIVE We sought to identify specific H. pylori genes involved in IDA development, by comparing bacterial genome-wide expression profiling in patients affected or not. METHODS H. pylori were isolated from four ch...

Honey bee colonies reproduce through swarming, in which about half the workers and the laying queen leave the natal nest and form a cluster in nearby vegetation. After a new nest cavity has been selected, the entire swarm cluster and the queen must become airborne and move en masse to the chosen site. Failure of the queen to leave the natal nest or relocate to the new nest cavity will result in...

Physogastric queens of Melipona marginata were removed from their colonies in order to verify the acceptance of a new queen by workers. Colony strength was evaluated according to queen oviposition rate and comb diameters. Replacement was observed seven times. Its occurrence and speed related positively to colony strength, independently of queen's age. In weak colonies, queen replacement was obs...

Karnal bunt of wheat, caused by the fungus Tilletia indica, is an internationally regulated disease. Since its first detection in central Texas in 1997, regions in which the disease was detected have been under strict federal quarantine regulations resulting in significant economic losses. A study was conducted to determine the effect of weather factors on incidence of the disease since its fir...