The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus enters cells through the activities of a spike protein (S) which has receptor-binding (S1) and membrane fusion (S2) regions. We have characterized four sequential states of a purified recombinant S ectodomain (S-e) comprising S1 and the ectodomain of S2. They are S-e monomers, uncleaved S-e trimers, cleaved S-e trimers, and dissociated S1 monome...

BACKGROUND Advances in techniques have left very few indications for open surgical extraction of urinary stones currently. These advances notwithstanding, the search continues for medical approaches to urinary stone management. In this study, we perform an in vitro study analyzing the efficiency and prospect of two new complex solutions in urological calcium phosphate calculi dissolution. MET...

The spike (S) protein of murine coronavirus JHMV, variant cl-2, comprises two polypeptides, N-terminal S1 (with an N-terminal signal peptide) and C-terminal S2 (with a C-terminal transmembrane domain). In order to express these subunits, we constructed three different vaccinia virus transfer vectors (VV-TVs) containing cDNAs encoding the S1 protein without a transmembrane domain (pSFS1utt), the...

To determine the mechanism of ventricular vulnerability to electrical stimulation, we simultaneously recorded from 120 transmural electrodes in a 35 X 20 X 5-mm portion of right ventricular infundibulum in seven dogs. Baseline pacing (S1) was performed from outside the mapped region followed by single premature stimulation (S2) of increasing strength at the center of the mapped region. In five ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the surface roughness of IPS Empress 2 ceramic when treated with different finishing/polishing protocols. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixteen specimens of IPS Empress 2 ceramic were made from wax patterns obtained using a stainless steel split mold. The specimens were glazed (Stage 0-S0, control) and divided into two groups. The specimens in Group 1 (G1) were finished/polished...

Explicit generators are found for the group G2 of automorphisms of the algebra S2 of one-sided inverses of a polynomial algebra in two variables over a field of characteristic zero. Moreover, it is proved that G2 ≃ S2 ⋉ T 2 ⋉ Z ⋉ ((K∗ ⋉ E∞(S1))⊠GL∞(K) (K ∗ ⋉ E∞(S1))) where S2 is the symmetric group, T is the 2-dimensional torus, E∞(S1) is the subgroup of GL∞(S1) generated by the elementary matr...

We (numerically) construct new static, asymptotically AdS solutions where the conformal infinity is the product of time and S2 × S1. There always exist a family of solutions in which the S1 is not contractible and, for small S1, there are two additional families of solutions in which the S1 smoothly pinches off. This shows that (when fermions are antiperiodic around the S1) there is a quantum p...

We (numerically) construct new static, asymptotically AdS solutions where the conformal infinity is the product of time and S2 × S1. There always exist a family of solutions in which the S1 is not contractible and, for small S1, there are two additional families of solutions in which the S1 smoothly pinches off. This shows that (when fermions are antiperiodic around the S1) there is a quantum p...

Helicobacter pylori, a gram-negative bacterium associated with gastritis, peptic ulceration, and gastric adenocarcinoma in humans, secretes a protein toxin, VacA, that causes vacuolar degeneration of epithelial cells. Several different families of H. pylori vacA alleles can be distinguished based on sequence diversity in the "middle" region (i.e., m1 and m2) and in the 5' end of the gene (i.e.,...

whereΔp is the p-Laplacian, Ω ∈ C0,1 be a bounded domain inRN . Let p ≥ 2, λ > 0 and f : Ω×R −→ R be a caratheodory function which is decreasing with respect to the second variable, i.e., f(x, s1) ≥ f(x, s2) for a.a. x ∈ Ω ands1, s2 ∈ R, s1 ≤ s2 (2) Assume, moreover, that there exists f0 ∈ Lp(Ω), p′ = p p−1 and c > 0 such that ∣f(x, s)∣ ≤ f0(x) + c∣s∣p−1 (3) We considered such problems with num...