Surplus labor force and migration trends in China are examined, with emphasis on the impact of underemployment in rural areas. "Government policy encourages surplus labourers to transfer out of crop farming into agricultural sidelines or non-agricultural work. Peasants are urged to stay where they are, shifting jobs without shifting location; however, many rural areas are poorly endowed for pr...

The aim of this work was to characterize a potential target group of people interested in participating into a training program in organic farming in the context of mobile-learning. The information sought addressed in particular, but not exclusively, possible contents, formats and forms of evaluation that will contribute to define the course objectives and curriculum, as well as to ensure that ...

Background. The purpose of this study was to develop a greater understanding of healthcare issues in rural Kansas communities. Methods. Ten focus groups were conducted with rural community leaders. Results. Community strengths included quality of life, community involvement, healthcare facilities, agency collaboration, and commitment to healthcare worker recruitment. Weaknesses were language ba...

Internet based applications and in particular e-learning ones have proved very successful when applied to training diverse groups in small and disparate communities. This paper discusses the potential of e-learning methods in training in the rural sector of northeastern Greece. A survey was carried out amongst Greek rural communities in the region of Eastern Macedonia and Thrace during the autu...

This study reviewed the mechanics for the Adoption of Information and Communication Technology for Agricultural Productivity among Rural Farmers in Nigeria. Information and Communication Technology is a concept that has become globally appreciated. It has made the world to assume a village status. One will at his/her convenience monitor the events that happen all over the world, via the interne...

The prevalence of asthma and other atopic diseases has recently increased, especially in urban and modernized regions of the world. The majority of published prevalence surveys report that asthma and atopy are less common among children living in rural areas. While many exposures differ in rural and urban areas of the world, several recent studies have suggested that agricultural exposures in e...

This paper develops a model to understand the mechanism that might explain how land rights security may facilitate labor specialization. The theoretical framework suggests that with secured land rights, households with high farming ability are likely to invest in land while households with low farming ability tend to investment in human capital and migrate. Land security is identified as whethe...

This paper presents an offline mobile eLearning concept as an ICT solution to address the knowledge requirements of a rural sub-Saharan farming community. A socio-technical customisation and deployment of WikiReaders is proposed to support offline mobile access to digital content. A future use scenario is presented as a demonstration of cheap but sustainable innovation emerging from a longitudi...