This study was carried out to determine of the effects of monensin on ruminal fermentation parameters in Ghizel sheep. Sixteen male Ghizel sheep were used allocated in completely randomized design. The diet containing of 2.9 ME (Mcal/kg DM) and 150 g/kg DM CP was formulated based on NRC requirement consisting of 400 g kg-1DM alfalfa, 488 g kg-1 DM barley grain, 200 g kg-1 DM soybean meal, 589 g...

Twelve Holstein bull calves were ruminally cannulated at 5 d of age and assigned to 0 or 1 mg of lasalocid/kg of BW daily, administered postruminally via milk replacer or into the ruminal cannula. Calves were fed milk replacer for 8 wk and calf starter for 12 wk. Lasalocid administration was terminated at weaning in calves fed lasalocid in milk replacer. Ruminal pH tended to be higher in calves...

A new method for rapid sampling and qualitative characterization of the headspace gases of closed in vitro cultures using solid phase microextraction (SPME) was evaluated for ruminal fluid and ruminal fluid with feed containing a feed additive. Gas sample collection was achieved by exposing a DVB/Carboxen/PDMS 50/30 m SPME fiber to the headspace of cultures for 1 min every hour. This was follow...

A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of chitosan on in situ nutrient degradability and ruminal fermentation of beef steers consuming bermudagrass hay. Eight ruminally-cannulated steers were provided Tifton-85 bermudagrass hay ad libitum while housed in the University of Florida Feed Efficiency Facility at the North Florida Research and Education Center (NFREC) in Marianna for two 21-d ...

Saponins are glycosides found in many plants, which have soap character due to their surfactant properties. They work haemolytic and may cause symptoms of intoxication in high concentration. Among therapeutically relevant effects expectorative, anti-inflammatory and immune-stimulating effects have the highest ranking. Beyond that, saponins demonstrate antimicrobial properties particularly again...

This study evaluated the in vitro effect of medicinal plant extracts on ruminal methanogenesis, four different groups of methanogens and ruminal fermentation characteristics. A fistulated Holstein cow was used as a donor of rumen fluid. Licorice and mugwort extracts (Glycyrrhiza uralensis and Artemisia capillaris, 0.5% and 1% of total substrate DM, respectively), previously used as folk remedie...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of ruminally protected amino acids (RPAAs) and ruminally protected fat (RPF) supplementation on ruminal fermentation characteristics (in vitro) and milk yield and milk composition (in vivo). Fourteen mid-lactating Holstein dairy cows (mean weight 653±62.59 kg) were divided into two groups according to mean milk yield and number of days of p...

Ruminant-derived foods contain high proportions of saturated fats as a result of ruminal biohydrogenation that rapidly saturates and thus limits the availability of free unsaturated fatty acids for assimilation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of glycerol on ruminal free-fatty acid (FFA) production rates and in vitro fermentation kinetics of alfalfa hay. In vitro incubat...

Three commercial plant tannin and a yucca extract having different secondary compound profiles were simultaneously evaluated in vitro for their effects on ruminal methane gas production and rumen fermentation patterns of wheat forage. Overall objective was to quantify in vitro, the sources of tannins and dose levels of tannins and yucca extract on rate of gas production, ruminal fermentation, f...

A distinguishing feature of ruminants is that they rely on anaerobic fermentation of feeds in the rumen and reticulum (collectively termed the reticulo-rumen) to supply metabolizable energy in the form of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and metabolizable protein in the form of microbial protein. While the production of SCFA is a nutritionally desired effect, excessive rates of SCFA production an...