ABSTRACT During the Middle Devonian, reef growth reached an acme, and corals stromatoporoids colonized depositional niches commonly considered unfavourable for reefal organisms. This paper documents detailed facies architecture palaeoecology of a stratigraphically thin ( ca 12 m, ‘carpet reef’), lower Givetian body exposed along walls ceilings labyrinthine passages in Klutert Cave western Germa...

The present paper deals with eight sex-linked mutant characters that have arisen in my cultures of Drosophila virilis Sturtevant.l The eight characters are as follows: Yellow, body color. Magenta, eye color. Glazed, eye surface (figure 5). Forked, bristles on the thorax (figure 2). Vesiculated, wings. Rugose, eye surface (figure 4). Frayed, bands on the abdomen (figures 3 and 6). Hairy, eye sur...

Turf algae are multispecies communities of small marine macrophytes that are becoming a dominant component of coral reef communities around the world. To assess the impact of turf algae on corals, we investigated the effects of increased nutrients (eutrophication) on the interaction between the Caribbean coral Montastraea annularis and turf algae at their growth boundary. We also assessed wheth...

Corals open an exceptional window into many phenomena of geological, geochemical, climatic, and paleontological interest. From the Paleozoic to the present, corals provide some of the finest high-resolution archives of marine conditions. Corals are likewise exceptional for chronometric purposes, and even the terrestrial C timescale has now been calibrated against coral Th/U. Corals also represe...

Studying the mechanisms that enable coral populations to inhabit spatially varying thermal environments can help evaluate how they will respond in time to the effects of global climate change and elucidate the evolutionary forces that enable or constrain adaptation. Inshore reefs in the Florida Keys experience higher temperatures than offshore reefs for prolonged periods during the summer. We c...

The rugose colony variant of Vibrio cholerae O1, biotype El Tor, is shown to produce an exopolysaccharide, EPSETr, that confers chlorine resistance and biofilm-forming capacity. EPSETr production requires a chromosomal locus, vps, that contains sequences homologous to carbohydrate biosynthesis genes of other bacterial species. Mutations within this locus yield chlorine-sensitive, smooth colony ...

We herein present an unusual case of 14-year-old boy with complete diphallus and bifid scrotum. He was not aware of his extragenital abnormality until he was examined by a surgeon before circumsion. During surgery, the hypoplastic penis was resected and a single scrotum was constructed by removing the band of skin separating the compartments. The rugose skin was then joined, giving scrotal cont...

BACKGROUND Coral-associated bacteria are increasingly considered to be important in coral health, and altered bacterial community structures have been linked to both coral disease and bleaching. Despite this, assessments of bacterial communities on corals rarely apply sufficient replication to adequately describe the natural variability. Replicated data such as these are crucial in determining ...

Climate change scenarios suggest an increase in tropical ocean temperature by 1-3°C by 2099, potentially killing many coral reefs. But Arabian/Persian Gulf corals already exist in this future thermal environment predicted for most tropical reefs and survived severe bleaching in 2010, one of the hottest years on record. Exposure to 33-35°C was on average twice as long as in non-bleaching years. ...