BACKGROUND Allergic contact dermatitis from rubber chemicals is increasingly recognized. OBJECTIVE To review the results of patch testing with rubber allergens from January 1, 2000, through December 31, 2007. METHODS Patients who underwent patch testing with a specialized series of rubber allergens were identified. RESULTS In total, 773 patients (64.2% female; mean age, 48.6 years) were p...

Rubber based forming process is a versatile metal fabrication process used in commercial aerospace, automotive and defence applications. It is well suited for prototyping and production of small quantities of sheet metal parts. Rubber based forming employs a rubber pad contained in the rigid chamber or flexible diaphragm as one tool half, requiring only one solid half to form a part to final sh...

The feasibility of using large rubber chunks from shredded tires as aggregates in coldmixes for road construction was investigated in this study. The research was directed toward development of a chunk rubber asphalt concrete mix design for low volume road construction using local aggregate, shredded tire rubber chunks and a cationic emulsion. A set of mixes using different combinations of chun...

Because tires contain approximately 1-2% zinc by weight, zinc leaching is an environmental concern associated with civil engineering applications of tire crumb rubber. An assessment of zinc leaching data from 14 studies in the published literature indicates that increasing zinc leaching is associated with lower pH and longer leaching times, but the data display a wide range of zinc concentratio...

BACKGROUND The placement of rubber dam has the potential to alter the airflow through nasal and oral cavities. Pediatric dentist should be aware whether the use of a rubber dam affects the oxygen saturation (SpO2) in children. To assess the effect of rubber dam on arterial blood SpO2 in children of 6-12 years age. MATERIALS AND METHODS Totally, 60 ASA Class I patients of 6-12 years age, rando...

Rubber composite fibers containing silver nanoparticles with high morphological stability were prepared through combination of electrospinning and in-situ chemical crosslinking. The composite fibers included those of Ag/polybutadiene rubber (BR), Ag/polyisobutylene-isoprene rubber (IIR), and Ag/silicon rubber (SiR). During the study, Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were first generated through reduci...

Regarding rubber tree plantations, researchers lack a basic understanding of soil microbial communities; specifically, little is known about whether or not soil microbial variation is correlated with succession in these plantations. In this paper, we used high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene to investigate the diversity and composition of the soil bacterial communities in a chronoseq...

Dental personnel manually handle methacrylate-based restorative materials, which can cause skin irritation and allergies. The protection given by different types of medical gloves is not well known. Breakthrough time (BTT, min) was used as a measure of protection according to a European standard, using 2 test mixtures consisting of respectively 3 and 5 monomers. Fourteen gloves representing nat...

The increase use of crumb rubber in flexible pavements requires the better understanding of its effect on physical and rheological properties of rubberised bitumen binders. The performance properties of rubberised bitumen binder are influenced by the blending conditions and crumb rubber content. The main objective of this research is to investigate the effect of various crumb rubber content on ...

Hydrogen molecules dissolved in rubber due to high-pressure hydrogen gas exposure have been analyzed using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) with solution and solid-state probes. To analyze the characteristics of dissolved hydrogen in rubber materials and to compare them with gaseous phase hydrogen, we measured the NMR spectra of gaseous phase hydrogen and evaluated the chemical shifts and pr...