Angiotensin (Ang) II is a potent mediator of vascular inflammation. A central mechanism by which Ang II promotes inflammation is through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the current study, we investigated the role of the transcription factor Ets-1 in regulating Ang II–induced ROS generation. ROS generation was measured in the thoracic aorta of Ets-1 / mice compared with litte...

Increased airway smooth muscle (ASM) content is characteristic of infants with chronic lung disease of prematurity/bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Oxygen therapy, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and immature antioxidant defenses are major risk factors in chronic lung disease of prematurity/bronchopulmonary dysplasia, but their interrelationship is unclear. The direct effects of raised Po2 and modula...

Thymidine phosphorylase (TP) is an angiogenic factor that plays a pivotal role in tumor angiogenesis. Various kinds of solid tumors express TP and high TP activity is correlated with microvessel density. We have previously reported that TP enhances interleukin-8 (IL-8) expression in KB human epidermoid carcinoma cells. In this study, TP was shown ...

Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers have previously been demonstrated to elicit systematically variable cyto- and eco-toxic responses, promising as the basis for structure-activity relationships governing nanotoxicological responses. In this study, increased production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), genotoxicity and apoptosis due to in vitro exposure of fish hepatocellular carcin...

Angiotensin (Ang) II is a potent mediator of vascular inflammation. A central mechanism by which Ang II promotes inflammation is through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the current study, we investigated the role of the transcription factor Ets-1 in regulating Ang II-induced ROS generation. ROS generation was measured in the thoracic aorta of Ets-1(-/-) mice compared with li...

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of size-fractionated (i.e., <1; 1-2.5, and 2.5-10 µm in an aerodynamic diameter) ambient particulate matter (PM) on reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity and cell viability in human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B). The PM samples were collected from an urban site (uPM) in Beijing and a steel factory site (sPM) in Anshan, China, f...

Oxidation of mitochondrial fatty acids (FA) results in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which have been postulated to play a key role in the initiation and progression of prostate cancer (PC). We previously reported that androgens increase FA uptake into PC cells. We thus examined if androgens that are known to induce ROS generation regulate FA oxidation in PC cells. The effects ...

Mammalian spermatozoa generate a variety of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are thought to play a role during sperm capacitation, acrosome reaction, and oocyte fusion. However, oxidative stress (OS) occurs if the generation of ROS overwhelms the body’s limited antioxidant defenses. Infertility is the main complication associated with high levels of OS in the seminal fluid. Patients with id...

To enable a rapid-acting antibacterial mechanism without the release of biocidal substances, TiO2 catalysts have been considered based on generation reactive oxygen species (ROS). Doping with dissimilar metals generates electron-hole pairs narrow band gaps promoting production ROS. Here, plasma technology is investigated to deposit Ag nano islets defective TiOx films, stabilized by postoxidatio...

BACKGROUND The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is enhanced in the failing myocardium. We hypothesized that ROS were also increased in the limb skeletal muscles in heart failure. Methods and Results-- Myocardial infarction (MI) was created in mice by ligating the left coronary artery. After 4 weeks, the left ventricle was dilated and contractility was diminished by echocardiography. ...