BACKGROUND This study investigated procedural errors made during root canal preparation with nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments, using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging method. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 100 human mandibular molars were divided into five groups (n = 20) according to the NiTi system used for root canal preparation: Group 1 - BioRaCe, Group 2 - K3, Group 3 - Pr...

Knowledge of root and root canal morphology is a prerequisite for effective nonsurgical and surgical endodontic treatments. The external and internal morphological features of roots are variable and complex, and several classifications have been proposed to define the various types of canal configurations that occur commonly. More recently, improvements in nondestructive digital image systems, ...

Introduction: The TC system, developed in 2002, allows the endodontic filling by means of a non-conventional technique that uses gutta-percha at alpha phase, thermoplasticized in its own oven, placed into canal through a McSpadden compactor, without using a main cone. Objective: The aim of this case report was to show the TC system used for root canal filling. Case report: Three teeth of a pati...

Chemomechanical preparation of the root canal includes both mechanical instrumentation and antibacterial irrigation, and is principally directed toward the elimination of micro-organisms from the root canal system. A variety of instruments and techniques have been developed and described for this critical stage of root canal treatment. Since their introduction in 1988, nickel-titanium (NiTi) ro...

The C-shaped canal system is an anatomical variation mostly seen in mandibular second molars, although it can also occur in maxillary and other mandibular molars. Such variation in the root canal anatomy is uncommon in mandibular first premolars and very rare in mandibular second premolars. The C-shaped canal is so named for the cross-sectional morphology of the root and root canal. The main an...

An accurate diagnosis of the morphology of the root canal system is a pre-requisite for successful root canal treatment. Frequently, root canals are left untreated because the clinicians fail to identify their presence, particularly in teeth that have anatomical variations or additional root canals. In this report a maxillary lateral incisor with two roots has been described.

AIM To describe unusual variations in the root morphology and root canal systems of mandibular first and second premolar teeth extracted for orthodontic reasons. SUMMARY Normally mandibular first and second premolar teeth have single roots with single canals. A 15-year-old patient presented for orthodontic treatment and two mandibular premolar teeth were examined post-extraction. The mandibul...

Anatomical variation in the number of roots and root canals can occur in any tooth. Aberrant morphology of the root canal system may hinder cleaning and shaping procedures, leading to failure of endodontic treatment. The aim of this paper is to show one an example of root canal anatomical variation. Mandibular canines usually have one root with a centrally located root canal; however, anatomica...

Introdouction: Variations in root canal morphology pose a challenge for successful endodontic treatment. The root canal anatomy of the maxillary first molar has been often described as three roots with four canals (two mesiobuccal, one distobuccal, and one palatal). The occurrence of two palatal canals in one palatal root is quite rare. This report represents the case of a maxillary first molar...