In the course of a study of the microbial flora of fresh pork sausage (Sulzbacher and McLean, 1951) a gram positive rod associated with sausage flavor deterioration was isolated repeatedly. Although this organism tentatively was identified as belonging to the genus Microbacterium, it differs sufficiently from the described species of that genus to justify the publication of a complete descripti...

We study the attractive interactions between rodlike charged polymers in solution that appear in the presence of multivalence counterions. The counterions condensed to the rods exhibit both a strong transversal polarization and a longitudinal crystalline arrangement. At short distances between the rods, the fraction of condensed counterions increases, and the majority of these occupy the region...

We derive exact density functionals for systems of hard rods with first-neighbor interactions of arbitrary shape but limited range on a one-dimensional lattice. The size of all rods is the same integer unit of the lattice constant. The derivation, constructed from conditional probabilities in a Markov chain approach, yields the exact joint probability distribution for the positions of the rods ...

One hundred and fifty years ago Max Schultze first proposed the duplex theory of vision, that vertebrate eyes have two types of photoreceptor cells with differing sensitivity: rods for dim light and cones for bright light and colour detection. We now know that this division is fundamental not only to the photoreceptors themselves but to the whole of retinal and visual processing. But why are ro...

To examine the internal structure of chromatin fibers, we have developed procedures for partial denaturation of small chromatin fragments (8-30 nucleosomes) from chicken erythrocytes. Electron micrographs of samples prepared under conditions that cause nucleosome dissociation show rods and loops projecting from short compact fibers fixed by glutaraldehyde in 1.7 mM Mg2+. According to previous s...

For over a decade, phosducin's interaction with the betagamma subunits of the G protein, transducin, has been thought to contribute to light adaptation by dynamically controlling the amount of transducin heterotrimer available for activation by photoexcited rhodopsin. In this study we directly tested this hypothesis by characterizing the dark- and light-adapted response properties of phosducin ...

Mir M7 is a spontaneous morphologically conditional mutant of Klebsiella pneumoniae which grows as round cells (cocci) at pH 7 and as normal rods at pH 5.8. We studied the rates of peptidoglycan synthesis of cocci and rods growing at pH values of 7 and 5.8, respectively. It was found that exponentially growing cocci produced a reduced amount of peptidoglycan per cell, compared with rods. Moreov...

Fully conjugated pyrene-anthracene-based molecular rods were synthesized by the Horner-Wadsworth– Emmons reaction utilizing potassium tert-butoxide in dry THF. The synthesized rods, which have butylene groups as solubility spacers in the main chain, exhibited good solubility in polar solvents. The solutions of the synthesized pyrenecontaining molecular rods exhibited a blue shift in the UV-vis ...

Elongated silicon quantum dots (also referred to as rods) were fabricated using a lithographic process which reliably yields sufficient numbers of emitters. These quantum rods are perfectly aligned and the vast majority are spatially separated well enough to enable single-dot spectroscopy. Not only do they exhibit extraordinarily high linear polarization with respect to both absorption and emis...

we present a mathematical model describing the motion of two elastic rods in contact. The model allows for large displacements and is essentially based on Cosserat’s modelling of rods. Using a penalty technique, we prove existence of a static solution in the case of a unique rod. The contact modelling involves unilateral constraints on the central lines of the rods. Existence is also proved for...