OBJECTIVES We aimed to assess the radiation exposure for epidemiologic investigation in residents exposed to radiation from roads that were accidentally found to be contaminated with radioactive cesium-137 ((137)Cs) in Seoul. METHODS Using information regarding the frequency and duration of passing via the (137)Cs contaminated roads or residing/working near the roads from the questionnaires t...

Road traffic injuries and fatalities are increasing in Ghana. Police-collected crash and injury data for the period 1994-1998 were aggregated and analyzed using the MAAP5 accident analysis package developed by the Transport Research Laboratory, U.K. Published results of recent transport-related epidemiological and other surveys provided an additional data source. According to the 1994-1998 poli...

PURPOSE Despite increasing evidence that the physical environment impacts on physical activity among urban-dwellers, little attention has been devoted to understanding this relationship in rural populations. Work in this area is further hindered by a lack of environmental measures specifically designed for rural settings. This qualitative study aimed to explore the salience of urban physical ac...

New contracting approaches, such as Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) are becoming quite popular all around the world to improve the delivery of infrastructure in order to provide value for money. However, the goals of the Government and the private sector may conflict with each other. Whereas the government's goal should be to maximize social welfare through increasing value for money, the pr...

PROBLEM Assessment of drivers' on-road workload is an important traffic safety consideration. This study was conducted to examine the effects of cellular phone communication on driving performance, with particular emphasis on variations in task demand in different traffic situations. METHOD Twelve participants were asked to drive on urban roads and motorways with or without concomitant mathem...

Objectives: To test the hypothesis that behavioural predictors of serious Road Traffic Crashes (RTC) are correlated with unfavourable attitudes towards traffic safety. Participants: 13 447 of the 19 894 living members of the GAZEL cohort, workers and recent retirees of a French national utility company followed up since 1989. Main outcomes measures: Driving behaviours and attitudes towards traf...

The scope of this paper is to outline, in a general way, the safety philosophy inherent in present roadand street design, trace the origin of this philosophy, and to present the principles for a new design of streets and roads. It will be argued that deficiencies in the present road design philosophy are the main cause of the global road safety crisis, clearly indicating its man-made nature. A ...

Vehicular communications have important applications for improving the safety of our increasingly populated roads, however they have privacy implications: the broadcast of safety messages can create opportunities for tracking of vehicles and drivers. For several proposed safety applications, it is desirable that nearby vehicles communicate continuously with one another, with the ability to link...

Government’s responsibility for road safety is widely accepted since the public expects government to provide the infrastructure and regulatory environment in which the road user can have confidence that his or her safety is protected. It is now commonly expected that roads are well constructed and road behaviour is controlled by effective legislation. However, as the volume of traffic increase...

In many cases crashes at intersections account for over 50% of all urban road crashes. The need to reduce these crashes has fostered considerable research on the development and evaluation of traffic safety at intersections. This paper introduces a micro-level behavioral approach for estimating the crash potential at unsignalized intersections for different traffic conditions. To this end, prox...