In this study, the numerical analysis of turbulent flow and heat transfer of double pulsating impinging jets on a flat surface has been investigated. The unsteady two-dimensional numerical solution for two similar and dissimilar jets was performed using the RNG k-ε model. The results showed that the RNG k-ε model has more satisfactory predictions of the Nusselt number distribution. Comparisons ...

The objective of this study is to compare the performance of different k-ε models, i.e. the Standard k-ε, the Renormalization Group (RNG) k-ε, and the Realizable k-ε, with a two-layer model for the prediction of the mean velocity field and the temperature pattern from a newly designed impinging jet supply device for ventilation of an office room. The numerical predictions are validated against ...

We consider a wireless network composed of a set of n wireless nodes distributed in a two dimensional plane. The signal sent by every node can be received by all nodes within its transmission range, which is uniform and normalized to one unit. We present the first distributed method to construct a bounded degree planar connected structure LRNG, whose total link length is within a constant facto...

When random numbers are needed, kernel level threads can use at least one of two random number generators (RNGs), called LRNG and MD5 PRNG. LRNG is a well-known cryptographic RNG accessed via /dev/(u)random and MD5 PRNG provides a function interface get_random_int(). While the /dev/(u)random has been investigated a lot, MD5 PRNG had been regarded as a less important one. In this paper, we demon...

For simplicity, we adopt the following rules: X denotes a non empty set, F denotes a sequence of partial functions from X into R with the same dom, s1, s2, s3 denote sequences of extended reals, x denotes an element of X, a, r denote extended real numbers, and n, m, k denote natural numbers. We now state several propositions: (1) If for every natural number n holds s2(n) ≤ s3(n), then inf rng s...

Feedstock resources for renewable natural gas (RNG) production by biological (e.g., anaerobic digestion) and thermochemical gasification) conversion methods in Hawaii have been reviewed. Statewide estimates of RNG potential from urban (wastewater, existing landfills, foodwaste, construction demolition waste (CDW), municipal solid waste) total 8860 TJ year−1. Honolulu has the largest resource ba...

Human subjects typically deviate systematically from randomness when attempting to produce a sequence of random numbers. Despite an increasing number of behavioral and functional neuroimaging studies on random number generation (RNG), its structural correlates have never been investigated. We set out to fill this gap in 44 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), a disease whose impact on RNG has...

One can prove the following propositions: (1) For all functions f , g, h such that dom f ∩ dom g ⊆ domh holds f+·g+·h = g+·f+·h. (2) For all functions f , g, h such that f ⊆ g and rng h ∩ dom g ⊆ dom f holds g · h = f · h. (3) For all functions f , g, h such that dom f ⊆ rng g and dom f misses rng h and g domh misses dom f holds f · (g+·h) = f · g. (4) For all functions f1, f2, g1, g2 such that...

For simplicity, we use the following convention: i, n denote natural numbers, a, r, x, y denote real numbers, A denotes a closed-interval subset of R, C denotes a non empty set, and X denotes a set. We now state several propositions: (1) For every element D of divsA such that vol(A) = 0 holds lenD = 1. (2) χA,A is integrable on A and integralχA,A = vol(A). (3) For every partial function f from ...

Random number generators (RNG) play an important role in many sensor network systems and applications, such as those requiring secure and robust communications. In this paper, we develop a high-security and high-throughput hardware true random number generator, called PUFKEY, which consists of two kinds of physical unclonable function (PUF) elements. Combined with a conditioning algorithm, true...