Pharmacological studies have suggested that serotonergic cells in RM contribute to both the inhibition and facilitation of spinal nociceptive transmission. Physiological studies in the medullary nucleus raphe magnus (RM) and adjacent nucleus reticularis magnocellularis have identified putative nociceptive-inhibitory OFF cells and nociceptive-facilitatory neurons ON cells by their responses to n...

BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major health problem in the Asia-Pacific region including Thailand. Several factors have been proposed as contributing to hepatocarcinogenesis. This study was aimed to investigate the impact of CYP2C19 genotypic polymorphism in HCC related to chronic HBV infection in Thailand. MATERIALS AND METHOD...

Gaseous oxidized mercury (GOM) and particle-bound mercury (PBM) measurement uncertainties could potentially affect the analysis and modeling of atmospheric mercury. This study investigated the impact of GOM measurement uncertainties on Principal Components Analysis (PCA), Absolute Principal Component Scores (APCS), and Concentration-Weighted Trajectory (CWT) receptor modeling results. The atmos...

let $r$ be a commutative ring with identity. an ideal $i$ of a ring $r$is called an annihilating ideal if there exists $rin rsetminus {0}$ such that $ir=(0)$ and an ideal $i$ of$r$ is called an essential ideal if $i$ has non-zero intersectionwith every other non-zero ideal of $r$. thesum-annihilating essential ideal graph of $r$, denoted by $mathcal{ae}_r$, isa graph whose vertex set is the set...

Let $R$ be a commutative ring with identity. An ideal $I$ of a ring $R$is called an annihilating ideal if there exists $rin Rsetminus {0}$ such that $Ir=(0)$ and an ideal $I$ of$R$ is called an essential ideal if $I$ has non-zero intersectionwith every other non-zero ideal of $R$. Thesum-annihilating essential ideal graph of $R$, denoted by $mathcal{AE}_R$, isa graph whose vertex set is the set...

Kirszbraun’s Theorem states that every Lipschitz map S → Rn, where S ⊆ Rm, has an extension to a Lipschitz map Rm → Rn with the same Lipschitz constant. Its proof relies on Helly’s Theorem: every family of compact subsets of Rn, having the property that each of its subfamilies consisting of at most n + 1 sets share a common point, has a non-empty intersection. We prove versions of these theorem...