music has been used as mood modulator by humans for many years. nowadays music is mostly play as one of the switch in a car. although music listening is common at during driving. its impact on driving performance has developed debates and controversies. studies have shown that self-selected in-car music listening can improve driver’s mood and behavior. however other studies have reported that b...

Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) has promise as a clinical intervention for health-compromising behaviors. We used a randomized controlled design in an Emergency Department (ED) setting to determine the efficacy of a nurse-delivered SBIRT to address risky driving in people 18 to 44 years of age. Risky drivers (n = 476) were randomized to brief intervention (BIG),...

BACKGROUND Risky driving and hazardous drinking are associated with significant human and economic costs. Brief interventions for more than one risky behavior have the potential to reduce health-compromising behaviors in populations with multiple risk-taking behaviors such as young adults. Emergency department (ED) visits provide a window of opportunity for interventions meant to reduce both ri...

objectives: most studies have performed to identify the affective variables in using mobile phone by drivers based on interview and questionnaire. in this study call answering rate while driving was investigated in a sample of male postgraduate students of a university in tehran by a driving simulator. methods: six driving scenario designed differing in risk of driving. answer rate to mobile ph...

Although low executive functioning is a risk factor for vehicle crashes among elderly drivers, the neural basis of individual differences in this cognitive ability remains largely unknown. Here we aimed to examine regional frontal gray matter volume associated with executive functioning in normal aging individuals, using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). To this end, 39 community-dwelling elderly ...

Longstanding theory in behavioral ecology predicts that prey should evolve decreased foraging rates under high predation threat. However, an alternative perspective suggests that growth into a size refuge from gape-limited predation and the future benefits of large size can outweigh the initial survival costs of intense foraging. Here, I evaluate the relative contributions of selection from a g...

OBJECTIVE To determine risky behaviors leading to unintentional injuries among Tehrani high school students in 2009. METHODS This cross-sectional study was carried out berween October and December 2009. Out of 237,300 (185151 governmental, 52149 non governmental) Tehrani high school students in both genders, 727 subjects were selected by multistage randomized sampling. Among 20 education dist...

The present study explores how drivers and non-drivers interact with racing videogames. Subjects were asked to play two type of racing videogames while their driving behavior, arousal activation and facial expressions were recorded. Representations about driving, risk perception, and user evaluation of videogames were also collected. Results showed significant differences between drivers and no...

Young drivers are over represented in motor vehicle crash statistics. As a measure to reduce young driver crashes many high-income countries operate graduated driver licensing systems, which are designed to limit new drivers’ exposure to high risk driving situations. Graduated licensing provides an important opportunity for parents to take an active role in the “learning to drive” process, ofte...

BACKGROUND Deploying in a combat role negatively impacts risk-taking behaviours, such as drinking, smoking and risky driving in regular UK military personnel. Little is known about the impact of deployment on the risk-taking behaviours of reservists. AIMS To explore the impact of deployment on risk-taking behaviours among reservists. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study. Hazardous drink...