The orientation towards an efficient mass customization confronts most companies with two opposing requirements: While the applied mass production system should be able to produce a huge product variety, the cost must be kept low. Therefore assembly lines have to be planned in a much more flexible way. The inability of traditional models to support efficient mass customization is mainly due to ...

background and objectives : over the last two decades, both the incidence of nosocomial candidaemia and the proportion of blood stream infection due to candida spp. other than candida albicans have increased. the aims of this study was to identify different species of candida and risk factors associated with bloodstream infection and detection of biofilm production. materials and methods : this...

Chile has chosen different strategies to manage its rich marine resources while meeting the demands from domestic and increasing foreign markets. One strategy involves giving user (fishers, collectors of non-fish resources) organizations rights to manage and exploit certain target species in a public and limited area/volume of the sea in Management Areas for the Exploitation of Benthic Resource...

We consider a continuous review (s, S) model with lost sales in the presence of unexpected events. Such unexpected events include external disasters (e.g. theft or earthquakes) and internal disasters (e.g. malfunctioning of a storage equipment or fire). Once a disaster occurs the inventory drops instantaneously to zero. The total cost includes the cost of: ordering, unsatisfied demand, units de...

In today’s competitive global markets, Just-in-Time (JIT) is one of the main lean manufacturing approaches. It is used in organizations to improve performance and reduce costs and as a strategic core capability to ensure their market position. However, using JIT tightly couples various functions of the Supply Chain and increases the risk of propagating disruptions through the entire system. Thi...

Traditionally, optimal preventive maintenance strategies are derived under deterministic and constant rate demand. Using ‘‘option’’, a powerful financial derivative tool to tackle optimization problem under uncertain environment, this paper presents an analytical, option-based cost model for scheduling joint production and preventive maintenance when demand is uncertain. The manufacturing enter...

Introduction: The Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA), first of all, identifies dangerous modes in a process and, then, provides proper control measures that are required to reduce the level of risk. This study aims to investigate the risk level before and after the implementation of control measures in an edible oil factory. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in an edibl...

This paper lays out a framework for the analysis of the risk transfer role of speculators on futures markets and the impact of their trading on the production decisions of firms. We show that when speculators diversify their portfolios over a large number of markets, the equilibrium risk premium converges to an asymptotic premium, the behaviour of which is determined by the stochastic dependenc...