In this paper we modeled and analyzed the ridge type InGaAlAs/InP semiconductor laser with lateral current confinement structure, and optimized the design for the ridge wave guide with the current confinement. We proposed and fabricated the ridge type InGaAlAs/InP laser with a cost effective selective undercut etching method and demonstrated the improvement of the ridge laser performance. This ...

D. S. Kim,1,* H. L. Smith,1 J. L. Niedziela,2 C. W. Li,3 D. L. Abernathy,4 and B. Fultz1 1Department of Applied Physics and Materials Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA 2Instrument and Source Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA 3Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn...

C. W. Li,1,2,* H. L. Smith,2 T. Lan,2 J. L. Niedziela,3 J. A. Muñoz,2 J. B. Keith,2 L. Mauger,2 D. L. Abernathy,4 and B. Fultz2 1Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA 2Department of Applied Physics and Materials Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA 3Instrument and Source Division, Oak R...

Geological mapping of the area around Baltis Vallis, the longest (6,800 km) canali-type channel on Venus, has led to the determination of stratigraphic relations which appear to be consistent over this entire region comprising -20 x 106 km 2 or -5% of the total surface of Venus. The most abundant unit in the study area, plains with wrinkle ridges (Pwr), consists of two subunits separated by the...

Neuropathological, obstetrical, and epidemiological evidence increasingly suggest that some cases of adult-onset schizophrenia have prenatal or neonatal etiological roots. We evaluated the developmental histories of 23 monozygotic twin pairs discordant for schizophrenia to determine when they markedly and permanently began diverging from each other in motor skills or unusual behavior. Seven of ...

Fluctuating asymmetry of bilateral morphological traits is the result of prenatal developmental instability and has been shown to be greater in organisms having more homozygous genotypes (aabb vs. AaBb, for example). This expected increase in fluctuating asymmetry has been found among individuals having a high degree of liability for schizophrenia, as this disorder appears to have a polygenic b...

Fingerprints have long been used for person authentication. However, there is not enough scientific research to explain the probability that two fingerprints, which are impressions of different fingers, may be taken as the same one. In this paper, we propose a formal framework to estimate the fundamental algorithm independent error rate of fingerprint matching. Unlike a previous work, which ass...

Post-stratification, or sample balancing, or raking, is widely utilized in survey research to weighting a sample data to Census or other known population quotas. Cross-tables of counts are used in Deming-Stephan iterative proportional fitting to find the weights for adjusting data to known margins. A bi-criteria objective for finding weights with minimum variance yields a solution with maximum ...

background: although enteral feeding solutions are used to reduce the morbidity and mortality in many malnourished and hospitalized patients, microbial contamination of these products may lead to severe infections, especially in immune suppressed ones. the aim of this study was to evaluate the microbiological quality of commercial enteral feedings in two hospital settings in shiraz. methods: tw...

The defects of the alveolar ridge can result from various causes, most common being the collapse of alveolar bone during extraction. Localized defects of alveolar crest impair prosthetic rehabilitation due to poor emergence profile of function. Several alternatives have been proposed to restore the damaged ridge by hard and soft tissue augmentation. Various soft tissue ridge augmentation techni...