Enterocutaneous fistula is a challenging clinical condition with serious complications and considerable morbidity and mortality. Early nutritional support has been found to decrease these complications and to improve the clinical outcome. Location of the fistula and physiological status affect the nutrition management plan in terms of feeding route, calories, and protein requirements. This stud...

OBJECTIVE : To verify the frequency of late radiological com-plications in spinal fixation surgeries performed without fu-sion in oncological patients. METHODS : This is a retrospective analysis analysing failure in cases of non-fused vertebral fixation in an oncology reference hospital between 2009 and 2014. Failure was defined as implant loosening or bre-akage, as well as new angular or tra...

Histories of the usage of oral contraceptives and other estrogens were obtained from 320 women 20-49 years of age who had pathologically confirmed diagnoses of benign breast disease made at Washington County Hospital in Hagerstown, Maryland, during the period 1968 through 1972. Similar histories were obtained from 320 controls matched for race, sex, age, residence in county, and willingness to ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Outcomes of older patients with ESRD undergoing RRT or conservative management (CM) are uncertain. Adequate survival data, specifically of older patients, are needed for proper counseling. We compared survival of older renal patients choosing either CM or RRT. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS A retrospective survival analysis was performed of a single-ce...

The therapeutic landscape for advanced melanoma has recently been transformed by several novel agents (immune checkpoint inhibitors and molecular-targeted agents). The prospective, multi-site, observational study IMAGE (ipilimumab: management of advanced melanoma in real practice) included a retrospective cohort to describe real-world treatment prior to approval of the immune checkpoint inhibit...

BACKGROUND Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a rare disease that is not widely known by paediatricians and general practitioner (GP) leading to diagnostic error and delayed care provision. We aimed to analyse patient's journey and time to diagnosis of JIA (delay from the first symptom to the diagnosis of JIA). We performed a retrospective cohort study of 67 patients diagnosed with JIA and ...

Injuries (unintentional and intentional) are the main cause of death and disability worldwide, including Jordan. The main purpose of this hospital-based retrospective study was to identify characteristics, causes, and risk factors of unintentional injuries and violence among all adult patients who approached the Accidents and Emergency department because of injury in Northern Jordan. Data were ...

this study is a three-year retrospective clinical study (1971-1974) and is based on data recorded in the clinical charts of 2000 patient referred to soraya hospital (clinic of ob/gyn) for different reasons. in addition the physician in charge of the clinic has been personally interested in this study and has meticuloueticulously questioned the patients about the age, of menopause and other rela...

A retrospective study uses existing data that have been recorded for reasons other than research. A retrospective case series is the description of a group of cases with a new or unusual disease or treatment. With a case-control study, cases with and without the condition of interest are identified, and the degree of exposure to a possible risk factor is then retrospectively compared between th...

Cohort studies form a suitable study design to assess associations between multiple exposures on the one hand and multiple outcomes on the other hand. They are especially appropriate to study rare exposures or exposures for which randomization is not possible for practical or ethical reasons. Prospective and retrospective cohort studies have higher accuracy and higher efficiency as their respec...