Real-time pricing schemes make the customers to feel the energy price volatility and improve their load profiles. However, these schemes have no significant effect on demand-side uncertainty reduction. In this paper, considering smart grid infrastructures and smart building Energy Management System (EMS), a new real-time pricing scheme is presented to reduce the uncertainty of demand-side. In t...

In the current study, a supply chain structure is considered consisting of duopolistic manufacturers and monopolistic retailer. structure, product two substitutable products deliver them to end customers. One sells his/her only through common retailer whereas another one directly customers as well Obviously, competitive behavior established in order price under chain. this point view, game-theo...

We consider a supply chain in which a retailer faces a stochastic demand, incurs backorder and inventory holding costs and uses a periodic review system to place orders from amanufacturer. The manufacturer must fill the entire order. The manufacturer incurs costs of overtime and undertime if the order deviates from the planned production capacity.We determine the optimal capacity for the manufa...

This paper considers game-theoretic models of lead-time reduction in a two-level supply chain involving a manufacturer and a retailer. The retailer manages her inventory system using the order quantity, reorder point, continuous-review ðq; rÞ policy. To satisfy the retailer’s order, the manufacturer sets up his facility, implements a pre-determined production schedule and delivers finished prod...

Flexibility in power demand, diverse usage patterns and storage capability of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) grow the elasticity of residential electricity demand remarkably. This elasticity can be utilized to form the daily aggregated demand profile and/or alter instantaneous demand of a system wherein a large number of residential PEVs share one electricity retailer or an aggregator. In thi...

The problem is to determine a review period and stocking policy that are mutually bene®cial to a producer and a retailer. In our model, the retailer uses a periodic review, base stock policy for ordering the item from the producer's Distribution Center (DC). Excess customer demand is assumed to be lost. A make-to-order production system supplies to the DC. We show that given a review period, un...

The present study was conducted to identify the existing marketing system and availability of fish species in different markets of Noakhali district of Bangladesh. It was found that the fish distribution chain from producers to consumers was passed through a number of intermediaries: local fish retailers, agents, wholesalers and retailers. Five types of marketing channels were found in this stu...

Acknowledgements The authors acknowledge financial support from the AGSM and INSEAD and would like to thank Information Resources, Incorporated for the data and Peter McBurney, University of Liverpool for helpful comments on an earlier version of this paper. Abstract Competition among brands that sell through a supermarket chain is a repeated moderated oligopoly, where the retailer moderates br...

We study the effects of credit risk in a supply chain where one retailer deals with competing risky suppliers who may default during their production lead-times. The suppliers, who compete for business with the retailer by establishing wholesale prices, are leaders in a Stackelberg game with the retailer. The retailer, facing uncertain future demand, chooses order quantities while weighing the ...

Many benefits of implementation of GDSN have been identified, including reduced counterfeiting, reduced medication errors, increased supply chain efficiency and standardized regulatory evolution. Several steps are involved in developing a GDSN and EPCglobal network. Each manufacturer, distributor, and retailer must have a strong ERP information system for the initial EPCIS set up. Next, a 2D ba...