Global warming threatens ecosystem functions, biodiversity, and rangeland productivity in Mongolia. The study analyzes the spatial temporal distributions of Net Primary Production (NPP) its response to climatic parameters. also highlights how various land cover types respond fluctuations from 2003 2018. Boreal Ecosystem Productivity Simulator (BEPS) model was used simulate NPP last 16 years. Sa...

There are two types of digital filters including Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) and Finite Impulse Response (FIR). IIR filters attract more attention as they can decrease the filter order significantly compared to FIR filters. Owing to multi-modal error surface, simple powerful optimization techniques should be utilized in designing IIR digital filters to avoid local minimum. Imperialist compe...

A robust approach should be considered when estimating regression coefficients in multi-response problems. Many models are derived from the least squares method. Because the presence of outlier data is unavoidable in most real cases and because the least squares method is sensitive to these types of points, robust regression approaches appear to be a more reliable and suitable method for addres...

The respondent burden refers to the effort required by a answer questionnaire. Although this concept was introduced decades ago, few studies have focused on quantitative detection of such burden. In paper, face-to-face survey and telephone conducted in Valencia (Spain) are analyzed. presence is studied terms both item non-response rates careless response rates. particular, two moving-window sta...

In arid and semi-arid rangelands, grazing as one of the natural or human induced processes has direct and indirect effects on structure and dynamics of plant community and ecosystems. A study was done to analyze the effects of grazing on plant species diversity and Plant Functional Types‘ (PFTs) diversity of arid and semi-arid rangelands. We analyzed plant richness and diversity data from 75 sa...

the vital role of exercise in many aspects of daily life and somewhat cognitivefunctions are acknowledged but a point that has recently gained researchers'attention is to investigate the effect of different types of exercises on cognitivefunctions and the mediating mechanisms of this effect. the aim of this study was todetermine the effect of two types of endurance and resistance exercises...