purpose: to develop strategic planning for ophthalmology education in iran from 2008 to 2010. methods: a qualitative investigation using focus group discussion was conducted during march, 2008 at the ophthalmic research center of shahid beheshti university. six to ten academic members of the ophthalmology department and other stakeholders participated in this study. strengths, weaknesses, oppor...

employee performance appraisal is one of the most powerful tools for measuring various figures in human resource management. this will eventually help employees to recognize their, and their weaknesses. this research investigates the validity of performance appraisal system for the iranian customs department using the singer model. the research method is descriptive and is based on survey study...

in critical analysis, different aspects of an issue will be analyzed from point of view of current discourse of society. the objective of this paper, is to critically analyze the economic goals of development plans (pre and post revaluation). in this respect, many papers and research report has been considered and the results show that critical discourse have paid attention to plans and its eco...

In empirical research, scholars can choose between an exploratory causes-of-effects analysis, a confirmatory effects-of-causes approach, or mechanism-of-effects analysis that be either confirmatory. Understanding the choice approaches is important for two reasons. First, added value of each approach depends on how much known about phenomenon interest at time analysis. Second, because specializa...