At the end of the first larval stage, the C elegans larva chooses between two developmental pathways, an L2 committed to reproductive development and an L2d, which has the option of undergoing reproductive development or entering the dauer diapause. I develop a quantitative model of this choice using mathematical tools developed for pricing financial options. The model predicts that the optimal...

The assessment of the indicators reproductive potential male white rats exposed to smoke for 1 month was carried out. Examination animals included determination spermatogenesis index and level DNA fragmentation methylation in testes blood. A statistically signifi-cant increase genome-wide blood revealed. morphometric study testis tissue revealed a violation indices rats.