The wide spectrum of pulmonary vascular disorders in liver disease and portal hypertension ranges from the hepatopulmonary syndrome characterized by intrapulmonary vascular dilatations, to pulmonary hypertension (portopulmonary hypertension), in which pulmonary vascular resistance is elevated. Since hepatopulmonary syndrome and portopulmonary hypertension have been reported in patients with non...

The associations between blood pressure and dementia have been inconclusive. We followed up a total of 668 community-dwelling Japanese individuals without dementia, aged 65 to 79 years, for 17 years and examined the associations of late-life and midlife hypertension with the risk of vascular dementia and Alzheimer disease using the Cox proportional hazards model. During the follow-up, 76 subjec...

Vascular biology, endothelial and vascular smooth muscle and cardiac dysfunction play a primary role in the initiation and perpetuation of hypertension, cardiovascular disease and target organ damage. Nutrient-gene interactions and epigenetics are predominant factors in promoting beneficial or detrimental effects in cardiovascular health and hypertension. Macronutrients and micronutrients can p...

Improving the performance of the traditional TCP in wireless IP communications has been an active research area. The significant cause of packet losses in such heterogenous networks is no longer limited to network congestion. The performance degradation of TCP in wireless and wired-wireless hybrid networks is mainly due to its lack of ability to differentiate the packet losses caused by network...

The paper presents an Adaptive Rate Control (ARC) implemented to improve the performance of highspeed network to handle burst traffic by guaranteeing the cell loss ratio (CLR) for all cell streams. First, the cases in which a Tahoe, Reno, New Reno, SACK and Plain schemes are applicable in peak-cell-rate (PCR) are discussed. The ARC improves the performance by regulating the increment (up) and t...

—This paper examines the impact of RED on two versions of TCP – traditional TCP Reno and a newly proposed variant, TCP Veno over 802.11b WLAN. TCP Reno was originally designed for wired networks where packet losses are primarily due to network congestion. This assumption is not always true in wireless networks, in which packet losses can be due to transmission errors on the noisy wireless link....

The cardinal concept of TCP development was to carry data within the network where network congestion plays a vital role to cause packet loss. On the other hand, there are several other reasons to lose packets in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks due to fading, interfaces, multi-path routing, malicious node, and black hole. Along with throughput, fairness of TCP protocols is important to establish a good ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Extensive data indicate a role for reactive oxygen species (ROS) and redox signaling in vascular damage in hypertension. However, molecular mechanisms underlying these processes remain unclear, but oxidative post-translational modification of vascular proteins is critical. This review discusses how proteins are oxidatively modified and how redox signaling influences vascular s...

The decision whether to repair congenital heart defects in patients with raised pulmonary vascular resistance to alleviate pulmonary hypertension is a complex one. The degree of pulmonary vascular disease is of paramount importance. Operating on patients with pulmonary vascular resistance above a certain threshold runs the risk of postoperative persistent pulmonary hypertension and a worse long...

Testing Exponentiality Versus Pareto Distribution via Likelihood Ratio Tomasz J. Kozubowski a , Anna K. Panorska a , Fares Qeadan a , Alexander Gershunov b & Debra Rominger c a Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, USA b Climate Research Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, San Diego, California, USA c Game Design, International Game Technology,...