Objectives Gay matter (GM) involvement is clinically relevant in multiple sclerosis (MS). Using source-based morphometry (SBM), we characterized GM atrophy and its 1-year evolution across different MS phenotypes. Methods Clinical MRI data were obtained at 8 European sites from 170 healthy controls (HCs) 398 patients with (34 isolated syndrome [CIS], 226 relapsing-remitting [RRMS], 95 secondary ...

Cortisol is a key regulator of the immune system, energy metabolism, and stress, yet its relevance to fatigue experienced by people with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) remains uncertain. We examined cortisol secretory activity in RRMS and its association with fatigue severity between-individuals and within-individuals (day-to-day) using a case-control ecological momentary assessm...

Low circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels have been associated with an increased risk of relapses in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), but an association with disability progression is uncertain. Lower 25(OH)D levels are found in secondary progressive MS (SPMS) when compared to RRMS. We hypothesized that a poor vitamin D status in RRMS is associated with an increased ris...

BACKGROUND Alemtuzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein CD52, is licensed in Europe since October 2013 as treatment for adult patients with active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). In three randomized, rater-blinded active comparator clinical trials studies, alemtuzumab administered in two annual courses, had superior efficacy as compa...

different research groups have extensively studied the associations of cytokine gene polymorphisms in different diseases. the role of cytokines gene polymorphisms in multiple sclerosis (ms), as a chronic immune-mediated neurodegenerative disease, has been previously reported in the various populations. for determining pro-inflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms, 100 relapsing remitting multipl...

Laquinimod is a novel oral drug that is currently being evaluated for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Although the mode of action of laquinimod remains to be fully elucidated, current knowledge indicates that laquinimod exerts beneficial activities both on the peripheral immune system and within the central nervous system (CNS). The immunomodulatory properties ha...

BACKGROUND The 29-item Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale (MSIS-29) was developed to examine the impact of multiple sclerosis (MS) on physical and psychological functioning from a patient's perspective. OBJECTIVE To determine the responder definition (RD) of the MSIS-29 physical impact subscale (PHYS) in a group of patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) participating in a clinical trial. ...

OBJECTIVE Our objective was to estimate the effectiveness of disease-modifying drugs (DMDs) in delaying multiple sclerosis (MS) disability progression in relapsing-onset (R-onset) definite MS patients under "real-world" conditions. METHODS Treatment effect size, for DMDs as a class, was estimated in absolute terms and relative to MS natural history. A basic model estimated annual Expanded Dis...

To conduct a systematic search to compare the efficacy and safety of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) for treatment relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). A literature PubMed was conducted identify phase III clinical trials in which DMTs RRMS were evaluated. The primary outcome this assessment annualized relapse rate (ARR). From with approximately 2-yr ARRs reported (n=13), outcomes a...