shown with this specimen demonstrating asymmetry of the vertebral arteries. The circle-of-Willis in this specimen has diffuse patches of atheroma in its walls. The final section of this tape is on the external ear, the tympanic membrane and auditory ossicles. Summary These five tapes are a magnificent learning aid for both the student and clinician. This reviewer has prepared a small specimen f...

This study of 513 mothers aimed to determine the feasibility of conducting a randomized controlled trial on the use of aromatherapy during labor as a care option that could improve maternal and neonatal outcomes. Pain perception was reduced in the aromatherapy group for nulliparae (first time delivery of a child). There were no associated adverse effects of using EO’s on maternal or neonatal ou...

everybody knows water as a vital material for human being. using water as a relaxation material which cause muscle smoothing and comfortable have been considered from long before. people of past centuries went to the thermal springs and immersed into them. today groups of people go to seaside for swimming in their vacation. children and adults go to pools for swimming or take a warm shower afte...

The relief organizations work in volatile environments involving a variety of actors with different skills and knowledge. The service of emergency for victims of natural disasters requires a rapid decision-making. The objective of the approach presented in this paper is to develop a Systemic Process Model (SPM) for procurement decisions in humanitarian logistics. The SPM aims to support procure...

This paper outlines the ways in which information technologies (ITs) were used in the Haiti relief effort, especially with respect to web-based mapping services. Although there were numerous ways in which this took place, this paper focuses on four in particular: CrisisCamp Haiti, OpenStreetMap, Ushahidi, and GeoCommons. This analysis demonstrates that ITs were a key means through which individ...

Changes in work capability and quality of life were assessed retrospectively in 130 patients with ischaemic heart disease who had undergone aortocoronary bypass operations during 1976-7 because of medically uncontrollable angina. A total of 85 patients (65.4%) reported complete relief from angina six months after operation, though 12 later suffered a recurrence. Substantially fewer patients nee...

TOPIC This article reports on group support using Psychological First Aid during Katrina relief work. It explores this issue from personal experience and a theoretical perspective. PURPOSE Group support is useful for volunteers as well as refugees and makes it possible to deal with extraordinary events of disaster more successfully. CONCLUSIONS The use of group work with disaster and trauma...

Exploring an alternative way to approach famine relief interventions, this paper draws on the work of French philosopher Michel Foucault and David Keen's recent work on south-west Sudan. It suggests that different discourses on 'famine' can lead to the dominance of certain kinds of institutional practices, and the prioritisation of special kinds of knowledge, at the expense of other modes of un...