We study the quantum properties of an oscillator in proper time. This time is a particle model with mass that on shell. Its internal can be treated as self-adjoint operator. The displaced and rate obey uncertainty relation resembling one between position momentum, which different from usual energy-time relation. In addition, we demonstrate matter field oscillators satisfies Klein-Gordon equatio...

In this thesis, we provide an initial investigation into bounds for topological entropy of switched linear systems. Entropy measures, roughly, the information needed to describe the behavior of a system with finite precision on finite time horizons, in the limit. After working out entropy computations in detail for the scalar switched case, we review the linear time-invariant nonscalar case, an...