Refractive errors (myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism) are complex heterogeneous disorders of the human eye and are ideal for genetic investigation. Moderate to severe refractive errors can predispose individuals to poor visual development, various types of glaucoma, misshapen corneal surfaces, premature cataracts, and loss of retinal integrity, which can lead to detachment. Knowledge of geneti...

purpose: to study the prevalence and characteristics of accommodative esotropia (aet). methods: in a descriptive analytic study records of all patients referred from 1383 to 1388 to the strabismus clinic at nikookari eye center were reviewed and demographic data such as age, gender, refractive error, type of aet, mean deviation and amblyopia were analyzed. results: a total of 2,146 patients wer...

PURPOSE Myopia is a common complex trait that affects up to 60% of some populations. Its development is influenced by multiple genes and environmental factors. PAX6 and SOX2 are genes with fundamental roles in ocular growth and development, and they have been linked with myopia in a recent linkage study. The authors investigated the roles of PAX6 and SOX2 in common myopia as part of a broader a...

PURPOSE To characterize refractive error, presbyopia, and spectacle correction among adults aged ≥40 years in Timor-Leste in 2010 and examine the impact of the National Spectacle Program by comparing results to those obtained 5 years earlier. METHODS A population-based, cross-sectional survey sampled 50 clusters of 45 people each. Participants with uncorrected and undercorrected refractive er...

INTRODUCTION Anomalies of the refractive state of the eye are the commonest cause of defective vision. PURPOSE To study the relationship between uncorrected visual acuity and refractive error in myopia in children, the prevalence of disparity between them and to find out the possible explanation for it. MATERIALS AND METHODS 100 eyes of 50 myopic children were studied and analyzed to study ...

INTRODUCTION The uncorrected refractive error is an important cause of childhood blindness and visual impairment. OBJECTIVE To study the patterns of refractive errors among the urban and rural school going children of Nepal. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 440 school children of urban and rural schools within the age range of 7-15 years were selected for this study using multi-stage randomi...

BACKGROUND Refractive error is an important cause of preventable visual impairment and blindness worldwide. Population-based studies will continue to be a key part in identification ofthe magnitude and the importance of this common eye disease. OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of the refractive error in primary school-aged children in Bangkok and Nakhonpathom together with the provision of ...

OBJECTIVE To develop corneal morphometric models with refractive error in excimer laser surgery. METHOD A prospective-longitudinal study was conducted on 78 patients (151 eyes) using the LASIK surgical technique, and 56 patients (111 eyes) with myopic astigmatism using ESIRIS (Schwind-Germany) equipment with pendulous microkeratome. The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics. A NI...

PURPOSE To determine the effect of 1% cyclopentolate on the refractive status of children aged 4 to 18 years. METHODS Using a random cluster sampling in a cross-sectional school-based study design, children with an age of 4-18 years were selected from kindergardens, primary schools, junior and senior high schools in a rural county and a city. Auto-refractometry was performed before and after ...