Thermal activation is mediated by field configurations that correspond to saddle points of the energy functional. The rate of probability flow along the unstable functional directions, i.e the activation rate, is usually obtained from the imaginary part of a suitable analytic continuation of the equilibrium free energy. In this note we provide a real-time, non-equilibrium interpretation of this...

We report the first measurements of the index of refraction of gases for lithium waves. Using an atom interferometer, we have measured the real and imaginary parts of the index of refraction n for argon, krypton, and xenon as a function of the gas density for several velocities of the lithium beam. The linear dependence of (n-1) with the gas density is well verified. The total collision cross s...

Relations between children's imaginary companion status and their engagement in private speech during free play were investigated in a socially diverse sample of 5-year-olds (N=148). Controlling for socioeconomic status, receptive verbal ability, total number of utterances, and duration of observation, there was a main effect of imaginary companion status on type of private speech. Children who...

The EVA London Research Workshop is one of the more unique elements our Conference that we have been keen to develop over many years. Often Postgraduate Students, at Master’s or PhD level, Unaffiliated Early Career Artists may feel excluded from prestigious conferences until their research completed and they ...

We find that single spin asymmetries in NRQCD are non-vanishing in general. They are proportional to the imaginary parts of some nonperturbative matrix elements. With statistics of about 10 identified J/ψ’s, or 10 identified χ2, it is possible to measure these imaginary parts even if they are an order of magnitude smaller than the real parts. Such statistics are quite reasonable at polarised HE...

Refractive index (RI) is a complex number comprising a real refractive index and an imaginary part: the absorption (or extinction) coefficient. The analysis of refractive index by the Surfoptic Imaging Reflectometer yields an approximation to the real part of the refractive index. The well established technique of ellipsometry, by contrast, can determine both the real refractive index and the e...