The exchange rate plays an essential role for firms which export goods and import raw materials. In this paper, the effects of real specific exchange rate fluctuations in imports, exports and aggregate trade on industry sector, chemical and transportation industries outputs in 49 OIC countries were investigated by using a panel data model over 1990-2014. Particularly, this paper presents eviden...

This study investigates the impacts of public expenditure innovations on exchange rate volatility in South Africa using quarterly data for period 1970–2019. To achieve this objective, a version vector autoregressive impulse response model proposed by Jordà is employed and are identified recursively. The functions indicate that innovation has significant depreciating trend impact volatility, its...

making capital and investment is the main driving forces of economic development. based on the investment sensitivity to the changes of some of macro-economic variables and risk and uncertainty, the present study evaluated the effective factors on investment in private sector in iran during 1980-2007. at first, the uncertainty variables of real informal exchange rate, nominal interest rate and ...