optimal management of caspian sea to reach sustainability and a cooperative peaceful use of resources is one of the most important issues in the region. this can help reduce political tensions and create a long-lasting security in considering the conflicts. the solution will be management strategies of caspian sea with its present status quo to reach cooperation between coastal states. to offer...

hiatus is a situation in which there is no consonant between the nuclei of two adjacent syllables. it occurs when the left syllable lacks a coda while the right one lacks an onset. hiatus occurs in underlying representation or at a level between underlying and phonetic representations. its occurrence is expected in every language, but its resolution is obligatory in languages which require syll...

Formulating high-quality queries is a key aspect of context-based search. However, determining the effectiveness of a query is challenging because multiple objectives, such as high precision and high recall, are usually involved. In this work we study techniques that can be applied to evolve contextualized queries when the criteria for determining query quality are based on multiple objectives....

This paper presents a report on our participation in the CLEF-2009 monolingual and bilingual ad hoc TEL@CLEF tasks involving three different languages: English, French and German. Language modeling is adopted as the underlying information retrieval model. While the data collection is extremely sparse, smoothing is particular important when estimating a language model. The main purpose of the mo...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the marketing and sales implications of page ranking techniques, in terms of how companies may use knowledge of their operation to increase the chances of attracting custom. Design/methodology/approach – Explaining the calculation, implementation and impact of the PageRank and Topic Sensitive Page Ranking is the prerequisite to recapitulating ex...

This paper presents a report on our participation in the CLEF 2009 monolingual and bilingual ad hoc TEL@CLEF task involving three different languages: English, French and German. Language modeling was adopted as the underlying information retrieval model. While the data collection is extremely sparse, smoothing is particularly important when estimating a language model. The main purpose of the ...