A standard reference test site is flown using the DAIS 7915 imaging spectrometer over Central Switzerland. Simultaneous to this overflight extensive ground measurements are carried out. A sun photometer, a radiosonde, and two spectroradiometers are used simultaneously during the overflight to support the in– flight calibration and validation of the DAIS 7915. The calibration of all instruments ...

Occurrences of clear air turbulence in the stratosphere at altitudes of 45,000 to 68,000 f t are analyzed in terms of observed variability in vertical temperature gradients and balloon ascensional rates based on nearby radiosonde data. While the magnitudes of both parameters are positively correlated with the probability of encountering turbulence, the temperature gradient variability has a hig...

A mathematical model for statistical estimate of the bias and noise in satellite retrievals of atmospheric profiles and a case study are presented. The model allows accurate validation of actual performance of the remote sensing system while in orbit by comparing its measurements to correlative data sets, e. g. radiosonde network. The model accounts for the following factors: (i) The satellite ...

A bulk ABL similarity approach was used to make regional estimates of the sensible heat ̄ux by combining surface temperature measurements with mixed layer temperature and wind speed pro®les. The mixed layer pro®les were measured by a 915 MHz Pro®ler/ Radio Acoustic Sounding System and by radiosondes in north-central Oklahoma at the ARM Southern Great Plains CART Central Facility. A comparison o...

Temperature detection remains challenging in the low stratosphere, where the Rayleigh integration lidar is perturbed by aerosol contamination and ozone absorption while the rotational Raman lidar is suffered from its low scattering cross section. To correct the impacts of temperature on the Rayleigh Doppler lidar, a high spectral resolution lidar (HSRL) based on cavity scanning Fabry-Perot Inte...

This paper describes the design and implementation of a radiosonde which can measure the meteorological temperature, humidity, pressure, and other atmospheric data. The system is composed of a CPU, microwave module, temperature sensor, pressure sensor and humidity sensor array. In order to effectively solve the humidity sensor condensation problem due to the low temperatures in the high altitud...

[1] Multidecadal-scale changes in atmospheric temperature have been measured by both radiosondes and the satellite-borne microwave sounding unit (MSU). Both measurement systems exhibit substantial time varying biases that need to removed to the extent possible from the raw data before they can be used to assess climate trends. A number of methods have been developed for each measurement system,...

In order to examine the effectiveness of the NSMC scheme, a comparison was arranged under the cooperation frame between EUMETSAT and CMA (China Meteorological Administration). Two periods of data from Meteosat-5 including IR and WV channels were processed and compared by both the EUMETSAT and NSMC schemes. The comparison periods were one week long each, and in January and July respectively. The...

The planetary boundary layer is the medium of energy, moisture, momentum and pollutant exchange between the surface and the atmosphere. In this paper, a method to derive the boundary layer mixing height (MH) was introduced and applied over the Heihe river basin. Atmospheric profiles from the MODerate Resolution Imaging Sepctroradiometer (MODIS) instrument onboard the NASA-Aqua satellite were us...

Long time records of stratospheric temperatures indicate that substantial cooling has occurred during spring over polar regions of both hemispheres. These cooling patterns are coincident with observed recent ozone depletions. Time series of temperature from radiosonde, satellite, and National Centers for Environmental Prediction reanalysis data are analyzed in order to isolate the space–time st...