What leads the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) to intervene in one conflict, but remain inactive in another? This paper analyzes all 221 documented conflicts between 1945 and 2011, trying to unveil the characteristics associated with UN intervention. Including geographical aspects, we find that proximity to two the five permanent members of the UNSC has a significant and meaningful effec...

Let p( yl, y2 1 X) denote a discrete memoryless channel with a single source X and two independent receivers YI and Y2. W e exhibit an achievable region of rates (R11,R12,R22) at which independent information can be sent, respectively, to receiver 1, to both receivers 1 and 2, and to receiver 2. The achievability of the region is shown by using a version of the asymptotic equipartit ion propert...

In the crystal structure of the title compound, 5-fluoro-cytosinium picrate, C4H5FN3O+·C6H2N3O7-, one N heteroatom of the 5-fluoro-cytosine (5FC) ring is protonated. The 5FC ring forms a dihedral angle of 19.97 (11)° with the ring of the picrate (PA-) anion. In the crystal, the 5FC+ cation inter-acts with the PA- anion through three-centre N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming two conjoined rings havin...

To explain the links between population distribution and economic integration, we construct a spatial economics model with endogenous fertility. A higher population concentration increases real wages and child-raising costs, thus lowering the fertility rate. However, people migrate to more populated regions to obtain higher real wages. We show that mobility across regions results in more people...

This paper studies how firm performance is influenced by the strength of the industrial cluster (or industrial district) in which it is located. The paper presents estimates of firm-level growth models for a range of two-digit industries in the UK. In these models, employment in the firm’s own sector and employment in other sectors is taken as a measure the strength of the cluster. Strong posit...

In this paper we study learning and cooperation in repeated prisoners’ dilemmas experiments. We compare interaction neighbourhoods of different size and structure, we observe choices under different information conditions, and we estimate parameters of a learning model. We find that naive imitation, although a driving force in many models of spatial evolution, may be negligible in the experimen...

urbanization agglomeration that is named jacobs externalities, refers to the role of economic diversification in urban. localization agglomeration, marshal-arrow-romer (mar) externalities, is related to the concentration of firms activated in a special industry within a specified place. the purpose of this research is to explore the impact of different types of agglomeration economies on employ...

This paper analyzes the effect of immigrants’ networks on the decision of individual firms to starting exporting to the immigrants’ home country. Existing evidence on the trade-creating effect of immigrants show a robust effect, however at the national or regional level. Using French exports at the firm-level to 61 countries, I find that increasing the number of foreign immigrants in the region...

This study disentangles experimentally imitation, reinforcement, and reciprocity in repeated prisoners’ dilemmas. We compare a simple situation in which players interact only with their neighbours (local interaction) with one where players interact with all members of the population (group interaction). We observe choices under different information conditions and estimate parameters of a learn...

In this paper we study learning and cooperation in repeated prisoners’ dilemmas experiments. We compare interaction neighbourhoods of different size and structure, we observe choices under different information conditions, and we estimate parameters of a learning model. We test robustness of the estimator. We find that naive imitation, although a driving force in many models of spatial evolutio...